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This version published online on August 8, 2006
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1066
A more recent version of this article appeared on October 1, 2006
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Submitted on May 16, 2006
Accepted on July 31, 2006

Estradiol and Regulation of anti-Mullerian Hormone, Inhibin-A and Inhibin-B secretion: analysis of small antral and preovulatory human follicles' fluid

Claus Yding Andersen* and Annegrete Byskov

Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: yding{at}rh.dk.

Context: In ovaries surgically removed for fertility preservation hormone concentrations in fluid from small antral follicles (SAF) were determined. Levels were compared with that found in preovulatory follicular fluid.

Objective: To measure intrafollicular concentrations of anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH), inhibin-A, inhibin-B, estradiol and progesterone.

Setting: University Hospital.

Patients: 22 women suffering from a cancer disease and 16 women undergoing assisted reproduction.

Interventions: Fluid from 35 follicles (diameter of 3-8 mM) were included and compared with that of 32 preovulatory follicles.

Main outcome measures: Intrafollicular concentrations of the measured hormones and their possible correlation.

Results: Concentrations of AMH in SAF were almost three orders of magnitude higher than in FF of preovulatory follicles, 790 ± 95 vs. 1.17 ± 0.14 ng/ml (mean±SEM), respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between estradiol and AMH in fluid from SAF, whereas inhibin-A and inhibin-B were positive correlated with estradiol concentrations. Progesterone showed a similar correlation to levels of AMH but only in fluid of preovulatory follicles.

Conclusions: The high expression of AMH in granulosa cells of SAF actually translates into very high FF AMH concentrations. This most likely explains the correlation between serum AMH levels and number of SAF as previously demonstrated. The negative correlation between estradiol and AMH suggests that FSH down regulates AMH expression. Thus, the microenvironment of the follicle show profound changes with developmental stage and highlight the importance of studies to understand the mechanisms that regulate follicular growth and development during antral stages of development.
Key words: Follicle fluid • AMH • Inhibin-A • Inhibin-B • small antral follicles




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