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Submitted on May 12, 2006
Accepted on November 15, 2006
Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, British Columbia's Children's Hospital (K.J.M., A.C.K.W., JP.C.), the Department of Medicine (G.S.M), Food, Nutrition and Health (S.I.B.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada and the Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland (D.H.E.)
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jchanoine{at}cw.bc.ca.
Context. Increased physical activity is an integral part of weight loss programs in adolescents. We hypothesized that exercise could affect appetite-regulating hormones and the subjective desire to eat, which could partly explain the poor success rate of the existing interventions.
Objective. To investigate prospectively the effects of exercise on acylated and desacyl ghrelin concentrations, and on appetite.
Setting. Tertiary care center.
Participants. Normal weight (NW, BMI [mean±SE] 20.7 ± 0.5 kg/m2) and overweight (OW, BMI 32.4 ± 1.7) male adolescents (n = 17/group, age 15.3 ± 0.2 yr).
Intervention. Five consecutive days of aerobic exercise (1 h/day)
Main outcome. Changes in acylated and desacyl ghrelin concentrations, and in appetite during a test meal.
Results. Exercise did not significantly affect insulin sensitivity or body weight. Fasting total (acylated and desacyl) ghrelin concentrations were lower in OW (600 ± 33 pg/ml) compared with NW boys (764 ± 33 pg/ml, P < 0.05) and were not affected by exercise. In contrast, there was a differential effect of exercise on both acylated and desacyl ghrelin (P 
0.019). Acylated ghrelin significantly increased following exercise and this increase was greater in NW compared with OW adolescents (P < 0.05). Higher acylated ghrelin concentrations were correlated with an increase in markers of appetite (P < 0.05).
Conclusion. Exercise differentially affects acylated ghrelin and in NW and OW male adolescents. Our data suggest that total ghrelin does not adequately reflect acylated and desacyl ghrelin concentrations and that the influence of exercise-induced hormonal changes should be considered to ensure success in weight management.
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