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Submitted on December 20, 2005
Accepted on February 27, 2006
Program in Nutritional Metabolism, Massachusetts General Hospital (J.L., S.E.D., J.K., S.K.G.) and Boston Heart Foundation (L.H., J.M.C., R.S.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sgrinspoon{at}partners.org.
Context: Increased common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is predictive of coronary artery disease and stroke.
Objective: In this study, we investigated common carotid IMT by obesity category in a cohort of healthy women without previously known cardiovascular disease.
Design, Setting, Participants and Main Outcome Measures: 100 healthy women (age 24-59) from the general community enrolled in an observational study conducted at an academic medical center. B-mode ultrasound imaging of the common carotid arteries was used to measure common carotid IMT in 99 subjects. Fat distribution was determined by computed tomography (CT). Hormonal and inflammatory parameters related to cardiovascular disease and obesity were measured.
Results: IMT was higher in obese (BMI 
30 kg/m2) compared with overweight women (BMI 25 and <30 kg/m2) (0.69 mm [Interquartile range (IQR) 0.60-0.75 mm] vs. 0.62 mm [IQR 0.56-0.68 mm], P = 0.044) and in comparison to lean women (BMI <25 kg/m2) (0.69 mm [IQR 0.60-0.75 mm] vs. 0.59 mm [IQR 0.54-0.67 mm], P = 0.016). In multivariate modeling, age (
=0.0050 mm change in IMT per year of age, P = 0.003), smoking (=0.0044 mm change in IMT per pack-year, P = 0.046), and sc abdominal adiposity (=0.00026 mm change in IMT per cm2, P = 0.010) were positively associated with IMT, while adiponectin (0.0042 mm change in IMT per mg/L, P = 0.045) was negatively associated with IMT. Visceral adiposity (=0.00048 mm change in IMT per cm2, P = 0.092) was not significantly associated with IMT after adjusting for age, race, smoking, sc abdominal adiposity, and adiponectin.
Conclusions: Obesity is associated with increased common carotid IMT in young and middle-aged women. Adiponectin and sc abdominal adiposity are associated with carotid IMT in this population.
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