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Submitted on December 12, 2005
Accepted on May 17, 2006
Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory, West Division, School of Medicine, University of Chile. Institute of Maternal and Child Research (IDIMI), School of Medicine, University of Chile. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile. Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Concepción, Chillán, Chile
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: tsir{at}med.uchile.cl.
Context: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is produced by the granulosa cells and reflects follicular development. Adult women with PCOS have increased levels of AMH associated with an excessive number of growing follicles. However, it is not known if these abnormalities are present before the clinical onset of PCOS.
Objective: Our objective was to investigate whether prepubertal daughters of women with PCOS have increased AMH levels.
Design: Fourteen female infants (2 - 3 months old) and twenty five prepubertal girls (4 to 7 yr old) born to PCOS mothers (PCOSG) were studied. As a control group, we studied twenty one female infants and twenty four prepubertal girls (CG) born to mothers with regular menses and without hyperandrogenism. PCOSG and CG had normal birth weight and were born from spontaneous singleton pregnancies. Circulating concentrations of gonadotropins, testosterone, androstenedione, estradiol, 17 OH progesterone, sex hormone binding globulin, inhibin B and AMH were determined by specific assays.
Results: Serum concentrations of AMH were significantly higher in the PCOS group compared with the control group during early infancy (20.4 ± 15.6 v/s 9.16 ± 8.6 pmol/L; P = 0.024) and during childhood (14.8 ± 7.7 v/s 9.61 ± 4.4 pmol/L; P = 0.007). Gonadotropin and serum sex steroid concentrations were similar in both groups during the two study periods, except for FSH which was lower during childhood in girls born to PCOS mothers.
Conclusions: We conclude that serum AMH concentrations are increased in prepubertal daughters of PCOS women, suggesting that these girls appear to show evidence of an altered follicular development during infancy and childhood.
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