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This version published online on January 4, 2006
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, doi:10.1210/jc.2005-1601
A more recent version of this article appeared on March 1, 2006
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*Gene*GEO Profiles
*HomoloGene*UniGene
*Substance via MeSH
Medline Plus Health Information
*Nutrition
*Weight Control
*Weight Loss Surgery

Submitted on July 18, 2005
Accepted on December 23, 2005

Weight loss reduces adipose tissue cathepsin S and its circulating levels in morbidly obese women

Soraya Taleb, Raffaella Cancello, Christine Poitou, Christine Rouault, Philippe Sellam, Patrick Levy, Jean-Luc Bouillot, Christiane Coussieu, Arnaud Basdevant, Michèle Guerre-Millo, Danièle Lacasa, and Karine Clement*

Inserm << Avenir>>, 75004 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6-faculté de médecine, EA3502, IFR58, 75004 Paris, France; CHRU Pitié Salpétrière, service de Nutrition, Hôtel-Dieu 75004 Paris, France.; Surgery Department, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France.; Biochemistry Department, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: karine.clement{at}htd.ap-hop-paris.fr.

Context. Human adipose tissue produces several adipokines including the newly identified protein cathepsin S (CTSS), a cysteine protease involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Obesity is characterized by high levels of CTSS in the circulation and in sc white adipose tissue (scWAT).

Objective. We investigate the effect of surgery induced weight loss on circulating CTSS and on its protein expression in scWAT.

Design. 50 morbidly obese women before and 3 months after surgery and 10 healthy lean women were studied. We analyzed the relationships between circulating CTSS and clinical and biological parameters. Immunohistochemistry of the CTSS protein variations in scWAT was performed.

Results. Weight loss decreased by 42% (P < 0.0001) the circulating CTSS levels that correlated with changes in body weight (P = 0.03). We observed a significant decrease of CTSS enzymatic activity by 25% after weight loss (P = 0.001). Adipose tissue CTSS content was reduced by 30% (P = 0.002) after surgery. The variations of CTSS expression in scWAT after surgery correlated with changes in circulating CTSS serum levels (P = 0.03). Most of the correlations between CTSS and clinical and biological parameters disappeared after adjustment on BMI emphasizing the strong link between CTSS and corpulence in humans.

Conclusions. Changes in CTSS scWAT might contribute to serum variation of CTSS during weight loss. The decrease of CTSS concentrations in circulation may contribute to vascular improvement in obese subjects after weight loss.
Key words: cathepsin S • obesity and weight loss




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