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Submitted on February 28, 2005
Accepted on July 5, 2005
Department: Vestische Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Witten/Herdecke; Department of Pediatrics, University of Bonn
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: T.Reinehr{at}kinderklinik-datteln.de.
Context: Little information is available on androgens in obese children, and it is unknown whether these hormones change after weight loss
Objective: To compare androgens between obese and normal weight children and to study the effect of weight loss on androgens
Design: Cross-sectional comparison between obese and normal weight children separated according to pubertal stage, and longitudinal 1-year follow-up study in obese children participating in a weight loss intervention
Setting: Primary care
Patients: 273 obese and 79 lean children (age 4-14y), including a subgroup of 155 obese children for the longitudinal study
Intervention: Outpatient 1-year intervention program based on exercise, behavior and nutrition therapy (high carbohydrate low fat diet)
Main Outcomes Measures: Testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) at baseline and 1y later
Results: The obese prepubertal children and the obese pubertal girls showed significantly (P < 0.01) higher testosterone and DHEAS levels, while obese pubertal boys did not significantly differ in androgens from their lean counterparts. Significant correlations with BMI were demonstrated in multivariate regression analyses for DHEAS in all children and for testosterone in prepubertal children and in pubertal girls. The obese prepubertal children and obese girls loosing substantial weight showed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in their testosterone concentrations.
Conclusions: Moderately increased testosterone and DHEAS levels were found in obese prepubertal children and in obese pubertal girls, while androgen concentrations did not differ between obese and normal weight pubertal boys. Weight loss induced a decrease in testosterone in obese prepubertal children and pubertal girls pointing to a reversible increase of androgens.
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