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This version published online on May 10, 2005
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, doi:10.1210/jc.2005-0131
A more recent version of this article appeared on August 1, 2005
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Submitted on January 24, 2005
Accepted on April 29, 2005

Adiponectin Predicts Insulin Resistance but not Endothelial Function in Young Healthy Adolescents

Atul Singhal MD, MRCP*, Nigel Jamieson MBChB, Mary Fewtrell MD, MRCP, John Deanfield FRCP, Alan Lucas MD, FRCP FMed Sci, and Naveed Sattar MRCPath, PhD

MRC Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, Department of Vascular Physiology, Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, UK, WC1N 1EH; University Department of Vascular Biochemistry, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK, G31 2ER

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: a.singhal{at}ich.ucl.ac.uk.

Background: Adiponectin, an adipocyte derived hormone found in lower concentration with greater adiposity, is suggested to reduce the risk of insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. We tested this hypothesis in a healthy, non-obese population.

Methods and Results: Brachial artery flow-mediated endothelial-dependent vasodilation (FMD) and distensibility, measures of vascular function relevant to the early atherosclerotic process, were determined in 294 adolescents (aged 13-16 yr) using high-resolution vascular ultrasound. Fasting insulin concentration and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were used to estimate insulin resistance. Fat mass was measured by bioelectric impedance analysis, fasting serum adiponectin concentration by RIA, and lipid profile, fasting insulin, glucose and C-reactive protein concentrations using standard laboratory techniques. Adiponectin concentration was associated with insulin resistance independent of potential confounding factors (e.g. -1.3% change in fasting insulin concentration per 10% increase in adiponectin concentration, 95% CI -2.4% to -0.1%, P = 0.03), but not with FMD or arterial distensibility.

Conclusions: Lower adiponectin concentration was associated with lower insulin sensitivity in a healthy, non-obese population. Our study supports the hypothesis that adiponectin benefits insulin sensitivity from a young age, but in contrast to experimental models and data from older subjects, does not affect vascular changes associated with early atherosclerosis.
Key words: Adiponectin • insulin resistance • endothelial function • HOMA • obesity




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