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Submitted on November 12, 2004
Accepted on April 21, 2005
Endocrine Unit, Medical Clinic I, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen; Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Copenhagen County; Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg Hospital, Aalborg; Department of Nutrition, Danish Institute for Food and Veterinary Research, Søborg; The National Heart Foundation, Copenhagen.; The Danish Centre for Prevention of Thyroid Diseases (DanThyr)
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: nk01{at}bbh.hosp.dk.
Context: Increasing prevalence of overweight in the population is a major concern globally, and in the United States nearly one third of adults were classified as obese at the end of the 20th century. Few data have been presented regarding an association between variations in thyroid function seen in the general population and body weight.
Objective: To investigate the association between thyroid function and BMI or obesity in a normal population.
Design: Cross-sectional population study (The DanThyr Study).
Participants: In all 4649 participants were investigated and 4082 were eligible for these analyses after exclusion of subjects with previous or present overt thyroid dysfunction.
Main Outcome Measures: Association between category of serum TSH or serum thyroid hormones and BMI or obesity in multivariate models adjusting for possible confounding.
Results: We found a positive association between BMI and category of serum TSH (P < 0.001) and a negative association between BMI and category of serum fT4 (P < 0.001). No association was found between BMI and serum free T3 levels. The difference in BMI between the groups with the highest and lowest serum TSH levels was 1.9 kg/m2 corresponding to a difference in body weight of 5.5 kg among women. Similarly, category of serum TSH correlated positively with weight gain during 5 yr (P = 0.04), but no statistically significant association was found with weight gain during 6 months (P = 0.17). There was an association between obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) and serum TSH levels (P = 0.001).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that thyroid function - also within the normal range - could be one of several factors acting in concert to determine body weight in a population. Even slightly elevated serum TSH levels are associated with an increase in the occurrence of obesity.
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