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Submitted on November 11, 2004
Accepted on May 9, 2005
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, 60611. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
Context. Dyslipidemia is a feature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) but its pathogenesis remains controversial.
Objective. To test the hypothesis that dyslipidemia is a heritable trait in sisters of women with PCOS.
Design. Case-Control study.
Setting. Population based study performed at General Clinical Research Centers in four Academic Medical Centers in the United States.
Patients. Three hundred eighty-five sisters of women with PCOS with the following reproductive phenotypes: sisters with PCOS (n = 51), sisters with hyperandrogenemia and regular menses (HA) (n = 38), unaffected sisters (n = 143), and unknown phenotypes (n = 153). One hundred twenty-five control women of comparable age, BMI, and ethnicity to women with PCOS.
Interventions. Fasting blood was obtained for measurements of lipid profile, reproductive hormones, glucose, and insulin levels.
Main Outcome Measure. Lipid, lipoprotein levels, and prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
Results. Sisters with PCOS and HA phenotypes had higher total (P < 0.001) and LDL cholesterol levels (P < 0.01) compared with unaffected sisters and to control women. Triglyceride levels were elevated only in sisters with the PCOS phenotype (P < 0.05). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was increased in sisters with the PCOS (n = 29) and HA (n = 17) phenotypes compared with unaffected sisters (n = 85) (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively).
Conclusions: LDL levels are increased in affected sisters of women with PCOS consistent with a heritable trait. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increased in affected sisters.
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