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Submitted on November 4, 2004
Accepted on January 28, 2005
Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Italy
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: amohn{at}unich.it.
Oxidant-antioxidant status was investigated in a group of severely obese prepubertal children in comparison to healthy subjects and in relation to a dietary restriction-weight loss program. All subjects underwent anthropometric measurements and determination of lipid profile, lag phase, malondialdehyde (MDA) and vitamin E. Compared with controls, obese children had a significantly higher body mass index (BMI) (28.97 ± 2.42 vs. 16.03 ± 1.88 Kg/m2; P = 0.0002) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) (0.89 ± 0.03 vs. 0.80 ± 0.01; P = 0.0004); lag phase and vitamin E levels were significantly decreased (24.05 ± 16.21 vs. 43.16 ± 10 min; P = 0.004 and 21.12 ± 14.96 vs. 35.54 ± 13.62 µmol/l P = 0.02 respectively) while MDA was significantly increased (0.90 ± 0.31 vs. 0.45 ± 0.24 nmol/mg; P = 0.001). Both lag phase and MDA significantly correlated with BMI (respectively r = -0.34; P = 0.004 and r = 0.57; P = 0.002) and WHR (respectively r = -0.63; P = 0.0001 and r = 0.38; P = 0.04). Oxidant status normalized after six months of dietary restriction (lag phase: 59.11 ± 14.74 min; P = 0.002; MDA: 0.47 ± 0.09 nmol/mg; P = 0.003) which was associated with a reduction of BMI (27.34 ± 1.87 Kg/m2; P = 0.003), WHR (0.87 ± 0.02; P = 0.001) and fat mass (34.49 ± 2.68%; P = 0.008) but returned to baseline levels together with fatness indexes after further six months of free diet. Altered oxidant-antioxidant status is already present in prepubertal severely obese children and is reversible with a dietary restriction-weight loss program which should be highly encouraged and maintained over time in this age group.
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