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Submitted on September 3, 2004
Accepted on February 25, 2005
Department of Internal Medicine and Public Health and Department of Experimental Medicine, University of l'Aquila, L'Aquila, Department of Paediatrics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: giovambattista.desideri{at}cc.univaq.it.
Obesity in adulthood is combined with vascular endothelial cell and platelet activation. In this study we evaluated whether or not such activation is already present in obese children. Forty obese (10.3 ± 2.5 yr) and 40 nonobese children (10.3 ± 2.3 yr) were studied. Circulating levels of soluble (s) ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin, as indices of vascular endothelial cell activation, were assessed in both groups. Plasma concentrations of sP-selectin and sCD40 ligand, as indices of platelet activation, were also measured. Circulating levels of hs-CRP and the lipid peroxidation product 8-iso-prostaglandin(PG)F2
were evaluated because of their ability to promote vascular endothelial cell and platelet activation. Circulating levels of the all assessed markers were higher in obese than in nonobese children (sICAM-1:+38.8 ± 13.3%; sVCAM-1:+26.5 ± 13.7%; sE-selectin:+31.3 ± 17.3%; sP-selectin:+31.7 ± 16.9%; sCD40 ligand:+36.9 ± 22.1%; total 8-iso-PGF2:+24.0 ± 20.2%; hs-CRP:+76.6 ± 12.9%, P < 0.0001). Significant correlations (P < 0.004) between plasma total 8-iso-PGF2 levels and circulating sICAM-1 (r=0.485), sVCAM-1 (r=0.506), sP-selectin (r=0.449), sCD40 ligand (r=0.498) and hs-CRP (r=0.520) concentrations were found in obese children. In conclusion, an early activation of vascular endothelial cells and platelets was present in obese children. Increased lipid peroxidation was also present in these children and likely contributed to the observed proinflammatory phenotype.
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