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Submitted on August 23, 2004
Accepted on December 20, 2004
Departments of Preventive Medicine,Obstetrics and Gynecology,and Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: buchanan{at}usc.edu.
We tested the effects of treatment with a thiazolidinedione drug on rates of progression of carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and on some putative determinants of CIMT in young women at high risk for type 2 diabetes. 266 non-diabetic, Hispanic women with recent gestational diabetes were randomized to placebo or troglitazone. CIMT measurements were made at baseline, annually, and at study end, together with measurements of obesity, serum lipids and glucose and insulin levels during oral glucose tolerance tests. Insulin sensitivity (minimal model analysis) was measured at baseline and three months later. Data were analyzed to compare CIMT progression rates between treatment groups and to investigate potential determinants of differences in CIMT progression.
192 women had a CIMT measurement at baseline and at least one follow-up visit. The mean rate of CIMT change was 31% lower in women assigned to troglitazone (P = 0.048). This inter-group difference was not explained by baseline or on-trial differences in obesity, lipids, glucose or insulin. The reduction in CIMT progression developed gradually, occurred only in women who had an increase in insulin sensitivity, and was unrelated to the presence of the metabolic syndrome at baseline.
Troglitazone reduced the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis via a mechanism that involved unmeasured mediators of atherosclerosis, either in the circulation or directly in the arterial wall.
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