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This version published online on December 21, 2004
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, doi:10.1210/jc.2004-1676
A more recent version of this article appeared on March 1, 2005
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Submitted on August 23, 2004
Accepted on December 12, 2004

Dose-Dependent Insulin Regulation of IGFBP-1 in Human Endometrial Stromal Cells is Mediated by Distinct Signaling Pathways

RB Lathi, AP Hess, S Tulac, NR Nayak, M Conti, and LC Giudice*

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: giudice{at}stanford.edu.

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) is a major product of decidualized human endometrial stromal cells and decidua, and as a modulator of IGF action and/or by independent mechanisms, it regulates cell growth and differentiation, and embryonic implantation in these tissues. IGFBP-1 secretion is primarily stimulated by progesterone (P) and cAMP and is inhibited by insulin and IGFs. The signaling pathways mediating the latter are not well defined, and the current study was conducted to determine which pathways mediate the effects of insulin on IGFBP-1 mRNA and protein expression by human endometrial stromal cells decidualized in vitro by Progesterone. Cells were cultured and treated with different combinations of insulin, Wortmannin, an inhibitor of the phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase (PI3-kinase) pathway, and PD98059, an inhibitor of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. IGFBP-1 mRNA was determined by real-time PCR, and protein secretion in the conditioned medium was measured by ELISA. Activation of PI3-kinase and the MAPK was assessed by the detection of phosphorylated AKT and ERK in western blots respectively. Insulin inhibited IGFBP-1 mRNA and protein secretion in a dose-dependent fashion, with an ED50 for the latter 0.127ng/mL (21.6 pM). Inhibitor studies revealed that at low doses, insulin acts through the PI3-kinase pathway, whereas at higher levels it also activates the MAPK pathway, in the inhibition of IGFBP-1. The data demonstrate that human endometrium is a target for insulin action in the regulation of IGFBP-1. At physiologic levels insulin-likely plays a homeostatic role for energy metabolism in the endometrium, and in hyperinsulinemic states insulin action on the endometrium may activate cellular mitosis via the MAPK pathway and perhaps predispose this tissue to hyperplasia and/or cancer.
Key words: Insulin signaling • endometrium • IGFBP-1 • PI3Kinase • MapKinase




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