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Suppression of Hepatic Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Expression in Obese Humans with the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Center for Human Nutrition and the Department of Medicine (P.S.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262; and Departments of Biochemistry (S.V.), Surgery (K.G.M., W.J.P.), and Internal Medicine (H.A.B.), Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Paul MacLean, Ph.D., University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Center for Human Nutrition, 4200 East 9th Avenue, C225, Denver, Colorado 80262. E-mail: Paul.maclean{at}uchsc.edu.

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a plasma enzyme that can modulate the profile of lipoproteins and is thus considered: 1) a mediator of vascular disease; and 2) a therapeutic target for vascular disease. In the present study, we pursued a better understanding of the effect of type 2 diabetes on the expression of CETP in obese patients. Obesity was accompanied by a 20% elevation in plasma CETP that was eliminated with the development of diabetes. These differences were observed for both men and women and were due to variations in the amount of CETP protein in the plasma. The mRNA and protein of both the full-length (CETP^FL) and alternatively spliced (CETP⁹) forms of CETP were lower in the liver, but not in either sc or omental adipose tissue depots, of diabetic obese subjects. Sterol response element binding proteins 1 and 2 were also lower in liver homogenates, suggesting that these transcription factors may mediate the effects of type 2 diabetes on hepatic CETP expression. Thus, the suppressive effects of type 2 diabetes in obese subjects are observed in both men and women and may be due, at least in part, to a suppression of hepatic CETP expression.

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