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Original Studies |
, in Vivo1
University College London Medical School (V.M.-A., S.G., A.R., D.R.K., J.S.Y., S.W.C.), London, United Kingdom N19 3UA; St. Luke’s Hospital (J.M.M.), Kansas City, Missouri 64111; and Washington University School of Medicine (S.K.), St. Louis, Missouri 63110
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. V. Mohamed-Ali, University College London Medical School, G Block Archway Wing, Whittington Hospital, London, United Kingdom N19 3UA.
We measured arterio-venous differences in concentrations of tumor
necrosis factor-
(TNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) across a sc
adipose tissue bed in the postabsorptive state in 39 subjects [22
women and 17 men; median age, 36 yr (interquartile range, 26–48 yr);
body mass index, 31.8 kg/m2 (range, 22.3- 38.7
kg/m2); percent body fat, 28.7% (range, 17.6–50.7%)]. A
subgroup of 8 subjects had arterio-venous differences measured across
forearm muscle. Thirty subjects were studied from late morning to early
evening; 19 ate a high carbohydrate meal around 1300 h, and 11
continued to fast. We found a greater than 2-fold increase in IL-6
concentrations across the adipose tissue bed [arterial, 2.27 pg/mL
(range, 1.42–3.53 pg/mL); venous, 6.71 pg/mL (range, 3.36–9.62
pg/mL); P < 0.001], but not across forearm
muscle. Arterial plasma concentrations of IL-6 correlated significantly
with body mass index (Spearman’s r = 0.48; P
< 0.01) and percent body fat (Spearman’s r = 0.49;
P < 0.01). Subcutaneous adipose tissue IL-6
production increased by the early evening (1800–1900 h) in both
subjects who had extended their fasting and those who had eaten.
Neither deep forearm nor sc adipose tissue consistently released TNF
[across adipose tissue: arterial, 1.83 pg/mL (range, 1.36–2.34
pg/mL); venous, 1.85 pg/mL (range, 1.44–2.53 pg/mL);
P = NS: across forearm muscle: arterial, 1.22 pg/mL
(range, 0.74–2.76 pg/mL); venous, 0.99 pg/mL (range, 0.69–1.70
pg/mL); P = NS]. Although both IL-6 and TNF are
expressed by adipose tissue, our results show that there are important
differences in their systemic release. TNF is not released by this
sc depot. In contrast, IL-6 is released from the depot and is thereby
able to signal systemically.
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