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The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 91, No. 7 17a
Copyright © 2006 by The Endocrine Society

The Endocrine Society

Endocrinology & Metabolism News, July 2006


   Endocrine Discovery
Top
 Endocrine Discovery
Milestones in Endocrinology
 In the Journal 25...
 
A novel gene transfer technology based on incorporation of plasmids into the phospholipid shell of gas microbubbles, which were then destroyed by ultrasound in the pancreatic microcirculation, delivered a promoter-driven insulin gene efficiently enough to elevate circulating C-peptide and lower serum glucose. (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (May 30, 2006) 103(22):8469)

Premenopausal women with type 1 diabetes and sexual arousal disorder reported improved sexual functioning while taking sildenafil in a double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled pilot study. (Fertil Steril (May 2006) 85(5):1496)

Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding was more effective than nonsurgical treatment for weight loss, resolving the metabolic syndrome, and quality of life improvement in a 24-month prospective randomized trial. (Ann Intern Med (May 2, 2006) 144(9):625)

CNS administration of leucine to rats increases signaling by the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) protein in the arcuate nucleus and decreases food intake and body weight. Furthermore, hypothalamic mTOR activity is increased by leptin, and inhibition of its signaling blunts leptin’s anorectic effect, suggesting a key role in brain responses to nutrient availability and energy balance regulation. (Science (May 12) 312:927)

Hyperphagia, obesity, and insulin resistance were present in knockout mice lacking IL-18 or its receptor, and in transgenic mice expressing IL-18 binding protein due to increased food intake fat accumulation, implying a novel role for IL-18 in regulation of energy intake and insulin sensitivity. (Nature Medicine (May 2006) 12:650)[CrossRef][Medline]

Testosterone treatment of hypogonadal men with type 2 diabetes reduced insulin resistance and visceral adiposity, and improved their lipid profiles and glycemic control in a prospective placebo-controlled trial. (Eur J Endocrinol (June 2006) 154(6):899)

In patients with diabetes and clinically evident CHD, the reduction in major cardiovascular events was 25% greater with atorvastin 80 mg vs. 10 mg daily in a prospective randomized trial. (Diabetes Care (June 2006) 29(6):1220)

In 793 elderly men followed for more than 15 years after baseline sex steroid assays, the hazard ratio for hip fracture (adjusted for age, BMI, height, and smoking per 1000 person-years) for those in the lowest vs. the highest estradiol tertiles was 3.1 (95% CI, 1.4–6.9), and men with both low estradiol and low testosterone had an even greater hip fracture risk (6.5; 95% CI, 2.9–14.3). (Am J Med. (May 2006) 119(5):426)

Two germline mutations in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) gene accounted for 16% of all patients diagnosed with growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas and 40% of those diagnosed when younger than 35 years old in a population-based series from Northern Finland, indicating that AIP is an example of a low-penetrance tumor susceptibility gene. (Science (May 26) 312:1228)


   Milestones in Endocrinology
Top
 Endocrine Discovery
 Milestones in Endocrinology
In the Journal 25...
 
One hundred fifty years ago, Maestre de San Juan described gonadal hypoplasia in men with agenesis of the olfactory lobes.

Seventy-five years ago, Naffziger introduced orbital decompression for treatment of thyroid-related exophthalmos.


   In the Journal 25 Years Ago
Top
 Endocrine Discovery
 Milestones in Endocrinology
 In the Journal 25...
 
Objectively Recorded Hot Flushes in Patients with Pituitary Insufficiency. Meldrum DR, Erlik Y, Lu JHK, Judd HL. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1981;52:684–687.

"These results suggest that the previously described association of pulsatile LH release and the occurrence of hot flushes in postmenopausal women cannot be attributed to augmented LH secretion per se and, therefore, may be due to hypothalamic factors responsible for pulsatile LH release."


   Footnotes
 
Readers are encouraged to suggest items for Endocrinology and Metabolism News by email (sherman{at}endo-society.org). Submissions will be considered based on their significance and timeliness.





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