This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 91/5/1924    most recent Author Manuscript (PDF) Submit a related Letter to the Editor Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Copyright Permission Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Young, E. A. Articles by Veldhuis, J. D. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Young, E. A. Articles by Veldhuis, J. D. Related Collections Adrenal and Hypertension Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary

Disordered Adrenocorticotropin Secretion in Women with Major Depression

Department of Psychiatry and Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute (E.A.Y.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0720; and Endocrine Research Unit (J.D.V.), Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Medical and Graduate Schools, Rochester, Minnesota 55905

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Elizabeth A. Young, Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, 205 Zina Pitcher Place, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0720. E-mail: eayoung{at}umich.edu.

Context: Major depression is accompanied by activation of the hypothalamic pituitary axis and evidence of abnormalities in circadian and ultradian hormone rhythms. In addition, diminished negative feedback of cortisol on ACTH has been found.

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare ACTH and cortisol hormonal patterns in women with major depression with normal control women.

Design: This was a case control study.

Setting: The study was conducted at a general clinical research center.

Patients and Other Participants: Healthy, drug-free, premenopausal women with major depression and age and menstrual cycle day-matched healthy control women were included in the study.

Main Outcome Measure: ACTH and cortisol data were measured every 10 min for 24 h analyzed with approximate entropy and cross-approximate entropy to determine orderliness of hormone secretion and relationship between ACTH and cortisol in terms of feedforward and feedback synchrony.

Results: Depressed women manifested increased approximate entropy, indicating more disorderly secretion, of ACTH and elevated forward cross-approximate entropy of ACTH on cortisol, denoting unopposed ACTH drive.

Conclusions: These data support other evidence of hormonal rhythm abnormalities in depression and are compatible with accentuated feedforward drive by ACTH.