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Dynamic Strength Training Improves Insulin Sensitivity without Altering Plasma Levels and Gene Expression of Adipokines in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Obese Men

Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity (E.K., J.P., C.M., J.H., N.V., M.B., D.L., V.S.), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, and Department of Sports Medicine (E.K., J.P., J.H., M.M., V.S.), 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, CZ-100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (E.K., C.M., N.V., M.B., D.L.), U586, Obesity Research Unit, and Louis Bugnard Institute IFR31 (C.M., N.V., M.B., D.L.), Paul Sabatier University, F-31432 Toulouse, France; Faculty of Medicine Purpan (C.M., M.B.), Laboratory of Medical and Clinical Pharmacology, F-31000 Toulouse, France; and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Toulouse (D.L.), Laboratory of Biochemistry, Purpan Institute of Biology, F-31059 Toulouse, France

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dominique Langin, Unité de Recherches sur les Obésités, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UPS U586, IFR31, Institut Louis Bugnard, Bâtiment L3, 2ème étage, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rangueil, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhés, 31400 Toulouse, France. E-mail: langin{at}toulouse.inserm.fr.

Context: Obesity is characterized by a low-grade inflammatory state, which could play a role in insulin resistance. Dynamic strength training improves insulin sensitivity.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate, in obese subjects, whether the insulin sensitizing effect of dynamic strength training is associated with changes in plasma levels and gene expression of adipokines potentially involved in the development of insulin resistance.

Design: Twelve obese male subjects were investigated before and at the end of 3 months of dynamic strength training. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated using euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Blood samples and needle biopsy samples of sc abdominal adipose tissue were obtained. The plasma levels and adipose tissue mRNA levels of adiponectin, leptin, IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF- were determined.

Results: The training induced an increase in the whole-body glucose disposal rate by 24% (P = 0.04). The body weight was not altered during the training. Plasma levels of leptin decreased during the training (16.6 ± 6.3 vs. 13.1 ± 5.7 ng/ml) by 21% (P < 0.02), whereas no change in plasma levels of other adipokines and C-reactive protein was observed. Gene expression of the investigated adipokines was not changed in sc adipose tissue during the training.

Conclusions: In obese subjects, the dynamic strength training resulted in an improvement of whole-body insulin sensitivity. The increase in insulin sensitivity was not associated with training-induced modifications of plasma levels or adipose tissue gene expression of adipokines supposedly involved in the development of insulin resistance.

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