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Salutary Effects of Combining Early Very Low-Dose Systemic Estradiol with Growth Hormone Therapy in Girls with Turner Syndrome

The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine (R.L.R., N.D.), Chicago, Illinois 60637; Genentech, Inc. (J.J.H.), South San Francisco, California 94080; Nemours Children’s Clinic (N.M.), Jacksonville, Florida 32207; University of Pennsylvania (T.M.), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104; and University of South Florida (A.W.R.), Tampa, Florida 33701

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Robert Rosenfield, M.D., The University of Chicago Comer Children’s Hospital, Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC-5053, Chicago, Illinois 60637. E-mail: robros{at}peds.bsd.uchicago.edu.

Context: Optimizing pubertal estrogen replacement in girls with Turner syndrome is important.

Objective: The study objective was to test the hypotheses that physiological estradiol replacement administered early with GH will preserve height potential as much as if administered late and that it will bring about a greater height gain than standard oral estrogen therapy combined with GH.

Design: The study was randomized to early or late estrogen treatment; follow-up was at 3.5 yr or later.

Setting: This was a multicenter outpatient study.

Patients: Turner syndrome girls 12.0–12.9 yr (n = 7) or 14.0–14.9 yr (n = 7) of age who began GH before age 12.0 yr were the patients. The girls were matched to National Cooperative Growth Study registry patients who began GH and oral conjugated estrogen at similar ages and were similarly followed to adult or near-adult height.

Interventions: Depot estradiol, 0.2 mg/month im, was given initially and gradually increased; GH was 0.05 mg/kg daily.

Main Outcome Variable: Adult or near-adult height was the main outcome variable.

Results: Depot estradiol treatment resulted in height significantly taller than predicted at 12 yr of age (P < 0.02). All height potential was gained in the first 2 yr of the study, during which the early group grew 3.5 cm more than the late group, which was receiving GH alone (P < 0.01). The early depot estradiol group also gained 5.9 cm more height after starting estrogen than did the early National Cooperative Growth Study group (P < 0.05). Although feminization proceeded slowly on the lowest dose of estradiol, it advanced normally thereafter.

Conclusions: These results suggest that very low-dose parenteral estradiol permits relatively age-appropriate feminization without interfering with the effect of GH on the enhancement of height potential.

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				C. A. Bondy and for The Turner Syndrome Consensus Study Group Care of Girls and Women with Turner Syndrome: A Guideline of the Turner Syndrome Study Group J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2007; 92(1): 10 - 25. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]