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Association between Circulating Adiponectin and Interleukin-10 Levels in Android Obesity: Effects of Weight Loss

G. D’Annunzio Foundation, University of Chieti (M.R.M., F.S., T.T., M.T.G., N.M., G.D.), 66013 Chieti, Italy; and Department of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University of Rome La Sapienza (P.F.), 00161 Rome, Italy

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Giovanni Davì, G. D’Annunzio Foundation, University of Chieti, Via Colle dell’Ara, 66013 Chieti, Italy. E-mail: gdavi{at}unich.it.

Objective: Adiponectin inhibits vascular inflammation and increases IL-10 mRNA expression in human macrophages. Thus, we investigated the possible relationship between plasma adiponectin and IL-10 levels and the effects of a diet-induced moderate weight loss on both cytokines.

Patients and Study Design: Plasma adiponectin and IL-10 levels were analyzed in 64 android [body mass index (BMI), >28 kg/m²; waist to hip ratio (WHR), 0.86] and 20 gynoid [BMI, >28 kg/m²; WHR, <0.86] obese healthy women. Android obese women (49 ± 14 yr) had a mean BMI of 37.1 ± 5.3 kg/m², similar to that of gynoid obese women (49 ± 11 yr; BMI, 33.4 ± 2.6 kg/m²). Twenty nonobese control women (46 ± 11 yr; BMI, 25.2 ± 2.2 kg/m²) were also studied. In 15 android obese women, measurements were repeated after a 12-wk diet period (1200 kcal/d).

Results: Median adiponectin [5.2 (range, 3.3–7.8) vs. 12.1 (9.7–13.9) vs. 15.0 (12.6–18.2) µg/ml; P < 0.0001] and IL-10 [1.8 (1.2–3.3) vs. 3.5 (2.9–4.3) and vs. 4.1 (3.5–4.8) pg/ml; P < 0.0001] levels were lower in android vs. gynoid vs. nonobese women. Among android obese women, low adiponectin levels were independently related (P < 0.0001) to decreased IL-10 levels, independently of BMI, WHR, or insulin resistance. No significant change in either median adiponectin or IL-10 levels was observed after body weight reduction (8 ± 4 kg; P < 0.01), although percent changes in adiponectin paralleled those in IL-10 (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Android obesity is associated with a concomitant reduction of IL-10 and adiponectin levels. However, the antiinflammatory status of obesity might require prolonged periods of energy-restricted diets to revert to normal.

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