This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 90/10/5743    most recent Author Manuscript (PDF) Submit a related Letter to the Editor Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Copyright Permission Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Lain, K. Y. Articles by Roberts, J. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Lain, K. Y. Articles by Roberts, J. M. Related Collections Female Endocrinology Metabolism

Effect of Smoking on Uric Acid and Other Metabolic Markers throughout Normal Pregnancy

Magee-Womens Research Institute and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (K.Y.L., N.M., R.B.N., J.M.R.), and Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology (N.M., R.B.N., J.M.R.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Kristine Y. Lain, M.D., University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, Room C365, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0293. E-mail: kristine.lain{at}uky.edu.

Objectives: Smoking, pregnancy, and preeclampsia are all associated with changes in markers of the metabolic syndrome. Several markers are increased in all three conditions. However, smoking is negatively associated with preeclampsia, and therefore some markers would be expected to behave differently in smokers during pregnancy. We compared several metabolic markers of the metabolic syndrome in healthy primigravid smokers and nonsmokers over normal pregnancy to explore mechanisms for the reduced risk of preeclampsia in smokers.

Study Design: Plasma was obtained from 63 women throughout pregnancy who delivered at term. Smoking status was determined by urinary cotinine concentrations measured by HPLC. Uric acid, creatinine, free fatty acids, triglycerides, and total cholesterol were measured with diagnostic kits. Data were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA.

Results: The smoking groups were not different by delivery gestational age, maternal age, body mass index, or race. Uric acid, cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations increased during pregnancy (significant for time, P < 0.0001). Mean uric acid and creatinine concentrations were different by smoking status (P < 0.001 and P = 0.046). Nonsmokers had the lowest concentrations of uric acid, and women who quit smoking had the highest concentrations. Uric acid concentrations remained significantly different controlling for serum creatinine

Conclusions: Women have changes in markers of the metabolic syndrome during pregnancy, and uric acid is further influenced by smoking. The difference in uric acid concentrations by smoking status may be secondary to increased production through the xanthine oxidase pathway but is not simply a result of altered glomerular function because the association persists after controlling for creatinine.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				K. Y. Lain, P. Luppi, S. McGonigal, J. M. Roberts, and J. A. DeLoia Intracellular Adhesion Molecule Concentrations in Women Who Smoke During Pregnancy. Obstet. Gynecol., March 1, 2006; 107(3): 588 - 594. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]