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Spatial and Temporal Expression of Ligands for CXCR3 and CXCR4 in Human Endometrium

Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.K., T.N., N.D., H.H.) and Pathology and Applied Neurobiology Research Institute (S.F.), Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Kotaro Kitaya, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-hirokoji-agaru, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan. E-mail:kitaya{at}koto.kpu-m.ac.jp.

In this study, we investigated the expression of ligands for CXCR3 (Mig, IP-10, and I-TAC) and CXCR4 (SDF-1) in the human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle. By immunohistochemistry, immunostaining for Mig and IP-10 was found in the surface epithelia, glandular epithelia, and stroma with some menstrual cycle-dependent fluctuation. By contrast, immunostaining for I-TAC or SDF-1 was not detected. ELISA demonstrated that the concentrations of Mig and IP-10 were higher in the secretory phase than in the proliferative phase, but I-TAC and SDF-1 was detected in only a few samples. Endometrial Mig and IP-10 concentrations strongly correlated with the number of endometrial natural killer cells. Progesterone significantly induced Mig secretion and tended to induce IP-10 secretion from the cultured endometrial stromal cells, whereas 17ß-estradiol had no significant effect. Neither I-TAC nor SDF-1 was detected in the supernatant of cultured endometrial stromal cells in the presence or absence of 17ß-estradiol or progesterone. The results suggest that Mig and IP-10 may be involved in the recruitment of natural killer cells or other phenomena in the human endometrium.

Abbreviations: CXCR, CXC chemokine receptor; ES, early secretory phase; IFN, interferon; IP-10, IFN-inducible protein-10; I-TAC, IFN-inducible T-cell -chemoattractant; LS, late secretory phase; MS, midsecretory phase; NK, natural killer; P, proliferative phase; SDF, stromal cell-derived factor.

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