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Bone Metabolism Laboratory (B.D.-H., L.S., G.E.D.) and Metabolic Research Unit, Nutrition Services Department (H.R.), Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111; and New England Research Institutes (S.S.H.), Watertown, Massachusetts 02472
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Bess Dawson-Hughes, M.D., Bone Metabolism Laboratory at the Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111. E-mail: bess.dawson-hughes{at}tufts.edu.
Currently there is no consensus on the impact of dietary protein on calcium and bone metabolism. This study was conducted to examine the effect of increasing protein intake on urinary calcium excretion and to compare circulating levels of IGF-I and biochemical markers of bone turnover in healthy older men and women who consumed either a high or a low protein food supplement for 9 wk. Thirty-two subjects with usual protein intakes of less than 0.85 g/kg·d were randomly assigned to daily high (0.75 g/kg) or low (0.04 g/kg) protein supplement groups. Isocaloric diets were maintained by advising subjects to reduce their intake of carbohydrates. Selected biochemical measurements were made at baseline and on d 35 and either d 49 or 63. Changes in urinary calcium excretion in the two groups did not differ significantly over the course of the study. The high protein group had significantly higher levels of serum IGF-I (P = 0.008) and lower levels of urinary N-telopeptide (P = 0.038) over the period of d 35–49 or 63. We conclude that increasing protein intake from 0.78 to 1.55 g/kg·d with meat supplements in combination with reducing carbohydrate intake did not alter urine calcium excretion, but was associated with higher circulating levels of IGF-I, a bone growth factor, and lowered levels of urinary N-telopeptide, a marker of bone resorption. In contrast to the widely held belief that increased protein intake results in calcium wasting, meat supplements, when exchanged isocalorically for carbohydrates, may have a favorable impact on the skeleton in healthy older men and women.
This material is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement 58-1950-9001. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Abbreviation: BMC, Bone mineral content.
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