Novel Interactions of Adiponectin with the Endocrine System and Inflammatory Parameters
José Manuel Fernández-Real,
Abel López-Bermejo,
Roser Casamitjana and
Wifredo Ricart
Unit of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Girona "Dr. Josep Trueta," 17007 Girona, Spain
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: J. M. Fernández-Real, M.D., Ph.D., Unit of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de Girona "Dr. Josep Trueta," Ctra. França s/n, 17007 Girona, Spain. E-mail: uden.jmfernandezreal{at}htrueta.scs.es.
Several markers of chronic immune activation have been foundin association with obesity and insulin resistance. We aimedto study the interaction of adiponectin with chronic inflammationand known components of the insulin resistance syndrome.
Insulin sensitivity (minimal model analysis) and plasma solublefractions of TNF- receptor 1 (sTNFR1) and 2 (sTNFR2), adrenaland thyroid function, and adiponectin were evaluated in 68 apparentlyhealthy subjects. An additional group of type 2 diabetic patients(n = 19) similarly studied, except for insulin sensitivity,were also included in the analysis.
As reported by others, serum adiponectin concentrations werehigher in women than in men (13.55 ± 9.79 vs. 8.64 ±7.83 mg/liter; P = 0.018). They were also higher in healthysubjects compared with diabetic patients (10.35 ± 8.48vs. 7.41 ± 8.31 mg/liter; P = 0.021). As expected also,circulating adiponectin was significantly associated with waistto hip ratio (r = -0.28; P = 0.013), diastolic blood pressure(r = -0.25; P = 0.027), fasting plasma high-density lipoproteincholesterol (r = 0.35; P = 0.001), triglycerides (r = -0.37;P = 0.001), and insulin sensitivity (r = 0.30; P = 0.011). Additionally,subjects in the higher quartile of circulating adiponectin hadlower sTNFR2 concentrations (3.05 vs. 4.37 µg/liter; P= 0.012), a trend to lower sTNFR1 concentrations (1.76 vs. 2.20µg/liter; P = 0.055), higher concentration of serum morningcortisol (16.86 vs. 13.52 µg/dl; P = 0.027), and higherserum free T4 levels (1.31 vs. 1.20 ng/dl; P = 0.038). Multipleregression analysis models were constructed to predict adiponectinconcentrations. Predictive variables in these models includedinsulin sensitivity, waist to hip ratio and free T4, contributingto 17%, 10%, and 8% of adiponectin variance, respectively, Thesefindings suggest that circulating adiponectin differentiallymodulates insulin action and that thyroid-axis, inflammatorycytokines, and the adrenal cortex might intervene in this modulation.
This work was partly funded by Grant 00/0024-01 from the Fondode Investigaciones Sanitarias, Ministry of Health of Spain.
Abbreviations: BMI, Body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein;sTNFR, soluble TNF receptor; WHR, waist to hip ratio.
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receptor 1 (sTNFR1) and 2 (sTNFR2), adrenal and thyroid function, and adiponectin were evaluated in 68 apparently healthy subjects. An additional group of type 2 diabetic patients (n = 19) similarly studied, except for insulin sensitivity, were also included in the analysis. 
