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Anorexia Nervosa Is Characterized by Increased Adiponectin Plasma Levels and Reduced Nonoxidative Glucose Metabolism

Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases (N.P., R.G., G.D.P.), Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, and Psychiatry (A.C., P.D.G.), Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Bari, 70124 Bari; and Internal Medicine (R.V., G.M., M.G., G.F.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Giovanni De Pergola, M.D., via Putignani 236, 70122 Bari, Italy. E-mail: g.depergola{at}endo.uniba.it.

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of anorexia nervosa (AN) on adipocytokines (leptin and adiponectin) plasma concentrations and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in adolescent and young adult women. Adiponectin and leptin plasma levels, along with insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (as measured by the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp) and oxidative and nonoxidative glucose metabolism (as measured by indirect calorimetry during the last 60 min of the insulin clamp), were measured in 11 anorectic patients and 26 normal-weight healthy female controls. Leptin levels were significantly lower in AN patients, according to the reduced body mass index and their respective fat mass. On the contrary, adiponectin plasma levels were significantly higher in AN patients than in control women. Likewise, insulin-stimulated glucose disposal and nonoxidative glucose metabolism were significantly lower in AN patients. In conclusion, our study shows that young women affected by AN have higher adiponectin plasma levels than healthy female controls of similar age, despite the presence of an impairment of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, with a prevalent failure of nonoxidative glucose metabolism. Taken together, these data suggest that the reduction of fat mass may play the major role in the control of adiponectin release, with respect to changes in insulin sensitivity.

This work was supported by a grant from the Italian Ministry of University and Research (to G.F.).

Abbreviations: AN, Anorexia nervosa; BMI, body mass index; ob, obese gene.

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