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Marked Decrease in Plasma Antioxidants in Aged Osteoporotic Women: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study

Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; Institute of Physiological Chemistry I, Heinrich Heine University of Dusseldorf (M.C.P.), 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; and Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University (R.P.), St. Louis, Missouri 63110

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dario Maggio, M.D., Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Ospedale Regionale Monteluce, Via Brunamonti, 06122 Perugia, Italy. E-mail: dario_maggio{at}msn.com.

Although recent epidemiological studies found a positive correlation between dietary vitamin C intake and bone mineral density, data on plasma levels of vitamin C or other antioxidants in osteoporotic subjects are scanty. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether antioxidant defenses are decreased in elderly osteoporotic women and, if this is the case, to understand whether osteoporosis is a condition characterized by increased oxidative stress. To answer these questions, plasma vitamins C, E, and A; uric acid; and the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase in plasma and erythrocytes and of glutathione peroxidase in plasma were measured in 75 subjects with osteoporosis and 75 controls. Dietary and endogenous antioxidants were consistently lower in osteoporotic than in control subjects. On the other hand, plasma levels of malondialdehyde, a byproduct of lipid peroxidation, did not differ between groups.

Our results reveal that antioxidant defenses are markedly decreased in osteoporotic women. The mechanisms underlying antioxidant depletion and its relevance to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis deserve further investigation.

M.C.P. is European Union Marie-Curie Fellow for the program Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources, project entitled Nutritional Health-Sustaining Factors and Determinants of Healthy Aging: Oxidative Stress-Related Biomarkers of Successful Aging and Age-Related Diseases.

Abbreviations: BMD, Bone mineral density; BMI, body mass index; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; MDA, malondialdehyde; ROI, reactive oxygen intermediate; SOD, superoxide dismutase.

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