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Relationship of Leptin to Bone Mineralization in Children and Adolescents

University of Virginia Health System, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology (J.N.R., P.A.C., A.D.R.); Department of Medicine and University of Virginia Department of Human Services (A.W.); and Department of Pharmacology (A.D.R.), Charlottesville, Virginia 22908; Department of Medicine (C.S.M.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215; and Department of Pediatrics (C.M.G.), School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: James N. Roemmich, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Farber Hall, Room G56, 3435 Main Street, Building 26, Buffalo, New York 14214-3000. E-mail: roemmich{at}buffalo.edu.

Serum leptin concentrations and bone mass are concordant in several respects. Obesity is associated with increased serum leptin concentrations and bone mineral, whereas undernutrition reduces serum leptin concentrations and bone mineral. Furthermore, both bone mineral and serum leptin concentrations increase at the initiation of puberty. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence of an independent association of serum leptin concentrations and bone mineral in youth. Thus, we used hierarchical regression to determine whether serum leptin concentrations were related to bone mineral in boys (n = 28) and girls (n = 31). Bone mineral content, density, and apparent density of the total body and body regions were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and statistically adjusted for chronological age, fat mass, bone-free fat-free mass, and serum IGF-I and estradiol concentrations. Sequential addition of serum log₍₁₀₎ leptin concentrations to the block of body size variables and the block of hormone variables did not increase R² for any of the total or regional bone mineral content, bone mineral density, and bone mineral apparent density variables. We conclude that serum leptin concentrations do not add to the prediction of bone mineral in youth after accounting for age, fat mass, bone-free fat-free mass, and serum IGF-I and estradiol concentrations.

This work was supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (HD-32631, to A.D.R.), General Clinical Research Center (MO1-RR-00847, to the University of Virginia; and RR-010302, to Beth Israel Hospital), Genentech, Inc. (to P.A.C.), and the University of Virginia Children’s Medical Center (to J.N.R.) .

Present address for P.A.C.: Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, 571 South Floyd Street, Suite 314, Louisville, Kentucky 40202.

Abbreviations: BMAD, Bone mineral apparent density; BMC, bone mineral content; BMD, bone mineral density; CV, coefficient(s) of variation; DEXA, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; FFM, fat-free mass; FM, fat mass.

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