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Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptors in Oocytes?

Unité de Recherches, INSERM, U-135, Hormones, Gènes, et Reproduction, Hôpital Bicêtre (G.M., N.C., B.V., H.L., E.M.), 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INRA, Center de Recherches de Tours (M.-A.D.), 37380 Nouzilly, France; Unité de Recherches, INSERM, U-274, Université Paris-Sud (L.C.), 91400 Orsay, France; and Institut Mutualiste de Montsouris, Laboratoire de Procréation Médicalement Assistée (P.G.), 75014 Paris, France

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Edwin Milgrom, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France. E-mail: . u135{at}kb.inserm.fr

Abstract

The regulatory mechanisms of oocyte maturation remain poorly understood. Although gonadotropins play a major role in these processes, they have generally been considered to act on somatic supportive cells, but not directly on germ cells. We have raised high affinity monoclonal antibodies against LH and FSH receptors. When using the latter to study receptor distribution in human and pig ovaries we have observed the presence of FSH (but not LH) receptors in the oocytes. FSH receptors appeared in the oocytes of primary follicles during follicular development and persisted up to the preovulatory stage. In denuded human preovulatory oocytes, FSH receptor mRNA was detected at a concentration per cell exceeding by about 20-fold that present in granulosa cells. Saturable binding of [¹²⁵I]FSH to the membrane of oocytes was demonstrated by autoradiography. When incubated with FSH, denuded oocytes responded by a mobilization of Ca²⁺. These observations concur to demonstrate the presence of functional FSH receptors in oocytes and raise the possibility of direct control of oocyte development by FSH.

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