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Hypocaloric Diet Reduces Exercise-Induced 2-Adrenergic Antilipolytic Effect and 2-Adrenergic Receptor mRNA Levels in Adipose Tissue of Obese Women

Department of Sport Medicine and Obesity Unit (V.S., J.H., H.S.) , Charles University, Prague, 10000 Czech Republic; INSERM Unit 317, Laboratory of Medical and Clinical Pharmacology (N.V., C.L., D.L., M.L., M.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Toulouse 31073, France; and Department of the Adaptation to Exercise (F.M.-L.), Purpan Hospital, Toulouse 31073, France

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Michel Berlan, INSERM U 317, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, Faculté de Médecine, 37 Allées Jules Guesde, 31073 Toulouse cedex, France. E-mail: . berlan{at}cict.fr

Abstract

Previous investigations have shown that 2-adrenoceptor (2-AR) stimulation blunts lipid mobilization during physiological activation of the sympathetic nervous system promoted by exercise in sc abdominal adipose tissue (SCAAT) in obese men. To investigate the effect of a low calorie diet (LCD) on the 2-adrenergic responsiveness and on the expression of 2-AR and ß2-adrenoceptor (ß2-AR) in SCAAT, 11 obese women (weight: 99.1 ± 4.6 kg; body mass index: 34.3 ± 1.1 kg/m²) received a 12-wk diet providing 500 kcal/d less than their usual diet. The exercise-induced 2-adrenergic antilipolytic effect was investigated in SCAAT before and at the end of LCD. Changes in extracellular glycerol concentration and local blood flow were measured in SCAAT during a 45-min exercise bout (50% of heart rate reserve) using a control microdialysis probe and a probe supplemented with the 2-AR antagonist phentolamine. SCAAT biopsies were performed for determination of mRNA levels using RT-competitive PCR. Plasma catecholamine responses to exercise bout were not different before and at the end of LCD. Before LCD, the exercise-induced increase in extracellular glycerol concentration was potentiated by phentolamine supplementation, while this potentiating effect of the -antagonist was not observed at the end of LCD. No changes were observed for ß2-AR and hormone-sensitive lipase mRNA levels, while 2-AR mRNA level was significantly decreased in adipose tissue during LCD. These findings show that 2-AR-mediated antilipolytic action is reduced by a moderate hypocalorie diet and that down-regulation of 2-AR mRNA levels may participate in the decrease of the 2-adrenergic effect revealed by microdialysis.

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