This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Submit a related Letter to the Editor Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Copyright Permission Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Smith, M. R. Articles by Kantoff, P. W. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Smith, M. R. Articles by Kantoff, P. W.

Changes in Body Composition during Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer

Massachusetts General Hospital (M.R.S., J.S.F., F.J.M., A.L.Z., M.A.F., D.A.S.), Boston, Massachusetts 02114; and Dana Farber Cancer Institute (P.W.K.), Boston, Massachusetts 02115

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Matthew R. Smith, M.D., Ph.D., Massachusetts General Hospital, Cox 640, 100 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of initial treatment with a GnRH agonist on body composition in asymptomatic men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer. Forty men with locally advanced, node-positive or biochemically recurrent prostate cancer, no radiographic evidence of metastases, and no prior androgen deprivation therapy were treated with leuprolide 3-month depot 22.5 mg im every 12 wk for 48 wk. The main outcome measures were percentage changes in weight, percentage fat body mass, percentage lean body mass, fat distribution, and muscle size after 48 wk. Thirty-two subjects were evaluable. Serum T concentrations decreased by 96.3% plus or minus 0.4% (P < 0.001). Weight increased by 2.4% plus or minus 0.8% (P = 0.005). Percentage fat body mass increased by 9.4% plus or minus 1.7% (P < 0.001), and percentage lean body mass decreased by 2.7% plus or minus 0.5% (P < 0.001). Cross-sectional areas of the abdomen and abdominal sc fat increased by 3.9% plus or minus 1.2% (P = 0.003) and 11.1% plus or minus 3.4% (P = 0.003), respectively. In contrast, the cross-sectional area of intraabdominal fat did not change significantly (P = 0.94). Cross-sectional paraspinal muscle area decreased by 3.2% plus or minus 1.3% (P = 0.02). GnRH agonists increase weight and percentage fat body mass and decrease percentage lean body mass and muscle size in men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer. Increased fatness resulted primarily from accumulation of sc rather than intraabdominal adipose tissue.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. R. Smith, S. B. Malkowicz, F. Chu, J. Forrest, P. Sieber, K. G. Barnette, D. Rodriquez, and M. S. Steiner Toremifene Improves Lipid Profiles in Men Receiving Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: Interim Analysis of a Multicenter Phase III Study J. Clin. Oncol., April 10, 2008; 26(11): 1824 - 1829. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Meier, T. V. Nguyen, D. J. Handelsman, C. Schindler, M. M. Kushnir, A. L. Rockwood, A. W. Meikle, J. R. Center, J. A. Eisman, and M. J. Seibel Endogenous Sex Hormones and Incident Fracture Risk in Older Men: The Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study Arch Intern Med, January 14, 2008; 168(1): 47 - 54. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. K. Tsai, A. V. D'Amico, N. Sadetsky, M.-H. Chen, and P. R. Carroll Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer and the Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality J Natl Cancer Inst, October 17, 2007; 99(20): 1516 - 1524. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. A Clay, S. Perera, J. M Wagner, M. E Miller, J. B Nelson, and S. L Greenspan Physical Function in Men With Prostate Cancer on Androgen Deprivation Therapy Physical Therapy, October 1, 2007; 87(10): 1325 - 1333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. D. Michaelson and M. R. Smith In Reply J. Clin. Oncol., August 1, 2007; 25(22): 3385 - 3386. [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. R. Smith Obesity and Sex Steroids during Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Treatment for Prostate Cancer Clin. Cancer Res., January 1, 2007; 13(1): 241 - 245. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Kvorning, M. Andersen, K. Brixen, and K. Madsen Suppression of endogenous testosterone production attenuates the response to strength training: a randomized, placebo-controlled, and blinded intervention study Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 2006; 291(6): E1325 - E1332. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Maggio, A. Blackford, D. Taub, M. Carducci, A. Ble, E. J. Metter, M. Braga-Basaria, A. Dobs, and S. Basaria Circulating Inflammatory Cytokine Expression in Men With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy J Androl, November 1, 2006; 27(6): 725 - 728. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. L. Keating, A. J. O'Malley, and M. R. Smith Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease During Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer J. Clin. Oncol., September 20, 2006; 24(27): 4448 - 4456. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. R. Smith, H. Lee, and D. M. Nathan Insulin Sensitivity during Combined Androgen Blockade for Prostate Cancer J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2006; 91(4): 1305 - 1308. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. B. Shahinian, Y.-F. Kuo, J. L. Freeman, and J. S. Goodwin Risk of the "androgen deprivation syndrome" in men receiving androgen deprivation for prostate cancer. Arch Intern Med, February 27, 2006; 166(4): 465 - 471. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Q. Purnell, L. B. Bland, M. Garzotto, D. Lemmon, E. M. Wersinger, C. W. Ryan, J. D. Brunzell, and T. M. Beer Effects of transdermal estrogen on levels of lipids, lipase activity, and inflammatory markers in men with prostate cancer J. Lipid Res., February 1, 2006; 47(2): 349 - 355. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. L. Greenspan, P. Coates, S. M. Sereika, J. B. Nelson, D. L. Trump, and N. M. Resnick Bone Loss after Initiation of Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Patients with Prostate Cancer J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2005; 90(12): 6410 - 6417. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. J. Ryan and E. J. Small Early Versus Delayed Androgen Deprivation for Prostate Cancer: New Fuel for an Old Debate J. Clin. Oncol., November 10, 2005; 23(32): 8225 - 8231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Sharifi, J. L. Gulley, and W. L. Dahut Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer JAMA, July 13, 2005; 294(2): 238 - 244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Nishiyama, F. Ishizaki, T. Anraku, H. Shimura, and K. Takahashi The Influence of Androgen Deprivation Therapy on Metabolism in Patients with Prostate Cancer J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2005; 90(2): 657 - 660. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. R. Smith, M. Goode, A. L. Zietman, F. J. McGovern, H. Lee, and J. S. Finkelstein Bicalutamide Monotherapy Versus Leuprolide Monotherapy for Prostate Cancer: Effects on Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition J. Clin. Oncol., July 1, 2004; 22(13): 2546 - 2553. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Vanderschueren, L. Vandenput, S. Boonen, M. K. Lindberg, R. Bouillon, and C. Ohlsson Androgens and Bone Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2004; 25(3): 389 - 425. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Leblanc, M.-C. Belanger, P. Julien, A. Tchernof, C. Labrie, A. Belanger, and F. Labrie Plasma Lipoprotein Profile in the Male Cynomolgus Monkey under Normal, Hypogonadal, and Combined Androgen Blockade Conditions J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2004; 89(4): 1849 - 1857. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Szulc, B. Claustrat, F. Marchand, and P. D. Delmas Increased Risk of Falls and Increased Bone Resorption in Elderly Men with Partial Androgen Deficiency: The MINOS Study J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2003; 88(11): 5240 - 5247. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Talcott Androgen Deprivation as Primary Treatment for Early Prostate Cancer: Should We "Just Do Something"? J Natl Cancer Inst, March 20, 2002; 94(6): 407 - 409. [Full Text] [PDF]