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The Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index QUICKI Predicts the Onset of Type 2 Diabetes Better Than Fasting Plasma Insulin in Obese Subjects: A 5-Year Follow-Up Study

Imatra Health Centre (P.V.), Laukaa Health Centre (M.V.), Kuopio University; Department of Public Health and General Practice (E.K.), Kuopio University Hospital; General Practice (E.K.), Oulu University; and Department of Public Health Science and General Practice (P.V., S.K.-K.), Finland

Address correspondence to: Pasi Vanhala, M.D., Department of Public Health and General Practice, Oulu University, PL-5000, 90020 Oulu, Finland.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the predictive value of QUICKI and fasting plasma insulin (FPI0 as predictors of the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We performed a five-year follow-up study in a sample of middle-aged subjects with at least one of the following risk factors; hypertension defined as systolic blood pressure 160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure 90 mmHg or medication for hypertensin, obesity defined as a body mass index 30 kg/m² and/or a waist-to-hip ratio 1.00 in men and 0.88 in women, or a family history of type 2 DM. When the QUICKI index was used to compare the tertile with the lowest risk to the tertile of the highest risk of obese subjects. Odd’s Ratio (OR) for type 2 diabetes was 7.77 (95% CI 1.39–202.24). For FPI, the respective OR’s were 2.84 (95% CI 0.82–9.82) and 3.96 (95% CI 1.02–15.48). QUICKI and fasting insulin did not have a statistically significant predictive value among non-obese subjects. Concerning QUICKI, the subjects in the tertiles at the medium and highest risk had a higher risk for type 2 DM than the corresponding tertiles of FPI among obese subjects.