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Association of IGF-I Levels with Muscle Strength and Mobility in Older Women

Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions (A.R.C., G.S.W., L.P.F.), and Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health (K.B.-R.), Baltimore, Maryland 21205; Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (S.V.), Bethesda, Maryland 20892

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Anne R. Cappola, M.D., Sc.M., Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 660 West Redwood Street, Room 495A, Baltimore, Maryland 21201. E-mail: acappola{at}medicine.umaryland.edu

Abstract

The functional consequences of the age-associated decline in IGF-I are unknown. We hypothesized that low IGF-I levels in older women would be associated with poor muscle strength and mobility. We assessed this question in a population representative of the full spectrum of health in the community, obtaining serum IGF-I levels from women aged 70–79 yr, enrolled in the Women’s Health and Aging Study I or II. Cross-sectional analyses were performed using 617 women with IGF-I levels drawn within 90 d of measurement of outcomes. After adjustment for age, there was an association between IGF-I and knee extensor strength (P = 0.004), but not anthropometry or other strength measures. We found a positive relationship between IGF-I levels and walking speed for IGF-I levels below 50 µg/liter (P < 0.001), but no relationship above this threshold. A decline in IGF-I level was associated with self-reported difficulty in mobility tasks. All findings were attenuated after multivariate adjustment.

In summary, in a study population including frail and healthy older women, low IGF-I levels were associated with poor knee extensor muscle strength, slow walking speed, and self-reported difficulty with mobility tasks. These findings suggest a role for IGF-I in disability as well as a potential target population for interventions to raise IGF-I levels.

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