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Weight Reduction Increases Plasma Levels of an Adipose-Derived Anti-Inflammatory Protein, Adiponectin

Department of Internal Medicine (W.-S.Y., C.-L.C., T.-Y.T., L.-M.C.), Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine (W.-S.Y., L.-M.C.), College of Medicine, and Institute of Epidemiology (C.-L.C.), College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100; Department of Surgery (W.-J.L.), En Chu Kong Hospital, Taipei Hsien 237, Taiwan; and Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science (T.F., S.T., Y.M.), Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Lee-Ming Chuang, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan. E-mail: leeming{at}ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw

Abstract

Adiponectin, an adipose tissue-specific plasma protein, was recently revealed to have anti-inflammatory effects on the cellular components of vascular wall. Its plasma levels were significantly lower in men than in women and lower in human subjects with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or coronary artery disease. Therefore, it may provide a biological link between obesity and obesity-related disorders such as atherosclerosis, against which it may confer protection. In this study, we observed the changes of plasma adiponectin levels with body weight reduction among 22 obese patients who received gastric partition surgery. A 46% increase of mean plasma adiponectin level was accompanied by a 21% reduction in mean body mass index. The change in plasma adiponectin levels was significantly correlated with the changes in body mass index (r = -0.5, P = 0.01), waist (r = -0.4, P = 0.04) and hip (r = -0.6, P = 0.0007) circumferences, and steady state plasma glucose levels (r = -0.5, P = 0.04). In multivariate linear regression models, the increase in adiponectin as a dependent variable was significantly related to the decrease in hip circumference (ß = -0.16, P = 0.028), after adjusting body mass index and waist circumference. The change in steady state plasma glucose levels as a dependent variable was related to the increase of adiponectin with a marginal significance (ß = -0.92, P = 0.053), after adjusting body mass index and waist and hip circumferences. In conclusion, body weight reduction increased the plasma levels of a protective adipocytokine, adiponectin. In addition, the increase in plasma adiponectin despite the reduction of the only tissue of its own synthesis suggests that the expression of adiponectin is under feedback inhibition in obesity.

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				H. Satoh, M.T. A. Nguyen, M. Trujillo, T. Imamura, I. Usui, P. E. Scherer, and J. M. Olefsky Adenovirus-Mediated Adiponectin Expression Augments Skeletal Muscle Insulin Sensitivity in Male Wistar Rats Diabetes, May 1, 2005; 54(5): 1304 - 1313. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. C. W. Lau, B. Dhillon, H. Yan, P. E. Szmitko, and S. Verma Adipokines: molecular links between obesity and atheroslcerosis Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2005; 288(5): H2031 - H2041. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Punyadeera, A. H G Zorenc, R. Koopman, A. J McAinch, E. Smit, R. Manders, H. A Keizer, D. Cameron-Smith, and L. J C van Loon The effects of exercise and adipose tissue lipolysis on plasma adiponectin concentration and adiponectin receptor expression in human skeletal muscle Eur. J. Endocrinol., March 1, 2005; 152(3): 427 - 436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. T. Page, J. K. Amory, F. D. Bowman, B. D. Anawalt, A. M. Matsumoto, W. J. Bremner, and J. L. Tenover Exogenous Testosterone (T) Alone or with Finasteride Increases Physical Performance, Grip Strength, and Lean Body Mass in Older Men with Low Serum T J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2005; 90(3): 1502 - 1510. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Cote, P. Mauriege, J. Bergeron, N. Almeras, A. Tremblay, I. Lemieux, and J.-P. Despres Adiponectinemia in Visceral Obesity: Impact on Glucose Tolerance and Plasma Lipoprotein and Lipid Levels in Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2005; 90(3): 1434 - 1439. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. M. Montez, A. Soukas, E. Asilmaz, G. Fayzikhodjaeva, G. Fantuzzi, and J. M. Friedman Acute leptin deficiency, leptin resistance, and the physiologic response to leptin withdrawal PNAS, February 15, 2005; 102(7): 2537 - 2542. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. M. Maahs, L. G. Ogden, G. L. Kinney, P. Wadwa, J. K. Snell-Bergeon, D. Dabelea, J. E. Hokanson, J. Ehrlich, R. H. Eckel, and M. Rewers Low Plasma Adiponectin Levels Predict Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification Circulation, February 15, 2005; 111(6): 747 - 753. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Wynne, S. Stanley, B. McGowan, and S. Bloom Appetite control J. Endocrinol., February 1, 2005; 184(2): 291 - 318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. T. Page, K. L. Herbst, J. K. Amory, A. D. Coviello, B. D. Anawalt, A. M. Matsumoto, and W. J. Bremner Testosterone Administration Suppresses Adiponectin Levels in Men J Androl, January 1, 2005; 26(1): 85 - 92. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Guebre-Egziabher, J. Bernhard, T. Funahashi, A. Hadj-Aissa, and D. Fouque Adiponectin in chronic kidney disease is related more to metabolic disturbances than to decline in renal function Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., January 1, 2005; 20(1): 129 - 134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L.-M. Chuang, Y.-F. Chiu, W. H.-H. Sheu, Y.-J. Hung, L.-T. Ho, J. Grove, B. Rodriguez, T. Quertermous, Y.-D. I. Chen, C. A. Hsiung, et al. Biethnic Comparisons of Autosomal Genomic Scan for Loci Linked to Plasma Adiponectin in Populations of Chinese and Japanese Origin J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2004; 89(11): 5772 - 5778. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Orio Jr., S. Palomba, T. Cascella, S. Di Biase, D. Labella, T. Russo, S. Savastano, F. Zullo, A. Colao, R. Vettor, et al. Lack of an Association between Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{gamma} Gene Pro12Ala Polymorphism and Adiponectin Levels in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2004; 89(10): 5110 - 5115. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Ueno, M. G. Dube, A. Inui, P. S. Kalra, and S. P. Kalra Leptin Modulates Orexigenic Effects of Ghrelin and Attenuates Adiponectin and Insulin Levels and Selectively the Dark-Phase Feeding as Revealed by Central Leptin Gene Therapy Endocrinology, September 1, 2004; 145(9): 4176 - 4184. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				U. Meier and A. M. Gressner Endocrine Regulation of Energy Metabolism: Review of Pathobiochemical and Clinical Chemical Aspects of Leptin, Ghrelin, Adiponectin, and Resistin Clin. Chem., September 1, 2004; 50(9): 1511 - 1525. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-L. Delporte, S. A. El Mkadem, M. Quisquater, and S. M. Brichard Leptin treatment markedly increased plasma adiponectin but barely decreased plasma resistin of ob/ob mice Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 2004; 287(3): E446 - E453. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Reinehr, C. Roth, T. Menke, and W. Andler Adiponectin before and after Weight Loss in Obese Children J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2004; 89(8): 3790 - 3794. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Arvidsson, N. Viguerie, I. Andersson, C. Verdich, D. Langin, and P. Arner Effects of Different Hypocaloric Diets on Protein Secretion From Adipose Tissue of Obese Women Diabetes, August 1, 2004; 53(8): 1966 - 1971. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. W. Wong, J. Wang, C. Hug, T.-S. Tsao, and H. F. Lodish A family of Acrp30/adiponectin structural and functional paralogs PNAS, July 13, 2004; 101(28): 10302 - 10307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Yokoyama, M. Emoto, T. Araki, S. Fujiwara, K. Motoyama, T. Morioka, H. Koyama, T. Shoji, Y. Okuno, and Y. Nishizawa Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Plasma Adiponectin Levels and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, July 1, 2004; 27(7): 1756 - 1758. [Full Text] [PDF]

				U. J. F. Tietge, K. H. W. Boker, M. P. Manns, and M. J. Bahr Elevated circulating adiponectin levels in liver cirrhosis are associated with reduced liver function and altered hepatic hemodynamics Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, July 1, 2004; 287(1): E82 - E89. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Klein, L. Fontana, V. L. Young, A. R. Coggan, C. Kilo, B. W. Patterson, and B. S. Mohammed Absence of an Effect of Liposuction on Insulin Action and Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease N. Engl. J. Med., June 17, 2004; 350(25): 2549 - 2557. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Baratta, S. Amato, C. Degano, M. G. Farina, G. Patane, R. Vigneri, and L. Frittitta Adiponectin Relationship with Lipid Metabolism Is Independent of Body Fat Mass: Evidence from Both Cross-Sectional and Intervention Studies J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2004; 89(6): 2665 - 2671. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Xydakis, C. C. Case, P. H. Jones, R. C. Hoogeveen, M.-Y. Liu, E. O. Smith, K. W. Nelson, and C. M. Ballantyne Adiponectin, Inflammation, and the Expression of the Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Individuals: The Impact of Rapid Weight Loss through Caloric Restriction J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2004; 89(6): 2697 - 2703. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. A. Williams, C. Qiu, M. Muy-Rivera, S. Vadachkoria, T. Song, and D. A. Luthy Plasma Adiponectin Concentrations in Early Pregnancy and Subsequent Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2004; 89(5): 2306 - 2311. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]