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The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 86, No. 3 1379-1386
Copyright © 2001 by The Endocrine Society

Original Studies

Presence of Estrogen Receptor ß in the Human Endometrium through the Cycle: Expression in Glandular, Stromal, and Vascular Cells1

Giuseppina Lecce, Geri Meduri, Magali Ancelin, Christine Bergeron and Martine Perrot-Applanat

Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U460, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Xavier Bichat, 75018 Paris Cedex, France

Address correspondence and requests for reprints to: Martine Perrot-Applanat, M.D., INSERM U554, Hôpital St. Louis/Bát INSERM, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France. E-mail: applanat{at}bichat.inserm.fr

The recent discovery of a new isoform of estrogen receptor (ER) ß has prompted the reexamination of estrogen action on target organs. Here, we describe the endometrial expression of human ERß and compare its distribution with that of ER{alpha} in the endometrial functional zone. Using immunocytochemistry with well characterized polyclonal antibodies against ERß, we have detected specific ERß expression in all endometrial compartments (glandular, stromal, and vascular); the specificity of the immunostaining is confirmed by lack of staining of the uterine sections with anti-ERß antibodies previously incubated with peptide preparation. The highest levels of ERß expression are observed in epithelial cells during the periovulatory period (days 14 and 15), as well as in stromal cells and cells of the vascular wall in the late-secretory phase; both smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells express ERß, as deduced from immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR analysis. ERß staining is usually low compared with that of ER{alpha}, except at days 24–26. The presence of ERß in decidualized stromal cells is deduced from immunocytochemistry using antismooth {alpha}-actin and anti-ERß antibodies or from RT-PCR analysis of ERß and insulin-like growth factor-BP transcripts in the same cells; the presence of ERß-positive stromal cells located close to vascular smooth muscle cells during this period suggests some specific role of this receptor during decidualization. ER{alpha} is also present in the cells of the endometrial vascular wall, in addition to the nuclei of glandular epithelial and stromal cells. Vascular ER{alpha} expression is highest during the periovulatory period, suggesting a regulation by estradiol, and a role in vascular function. Moreover, different variations of ERß and ER{alpha} in arterioles might have implications for the modulation of vascular function, possibly of vascular tone, during the menstrual cycle. Finally, these data suggest that ERß may have important roles in endometrial function, in addition to the well known role of ER{alpha} in endometrial proliferation and differentiation.




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