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From the Clinical Research Centers |
Department of Food Science and Nutrition (K.E.W., A.M.D., B.E.M.-D., X.X., M.S.K.), University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108; Aging Study Unit (R.M.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94304; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (W.R.P.), University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642.
Address correspondence and requests for reprints to: Mindy S. Kurzer, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108. E-mail: mkurzer{at}umn.edu
Soy isoflavones are hypothesized to exert hormonal effects in women and thus may play a role in bone metabolism throughout life. In 2 randomized, cross-over studies, 14 pre- and 17 postmenopausal women were given 3 soy protein isolates containing different amounts of isoflavones [control, 0.13; low isoflavone (low-iso), 1.00; and high-iso, 2.01 mg/kg body wt·day, averaging 8, 65, and 130 mg/day, respectively], for over 3 months each. Food records, blood samples, and 24-h urine collections were obtained throughout the studies. The endpoints evaluated included plasma or serum concentrations of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGFI), IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP3), and urine concentrations of deoxypyridinoline cross-links and carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen. In premenopausal women, IGFI and IGFBP3 concentrations were increased by the low-iso diet, and deoxypyridinoline cross-links was increased by both the low- and high-iso diets during certain phases of the menstrual cycle. In postmenopausal women, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase was decreased by both the low- and high-iso diets, and there were trends toward decreased osteocalcin, IGFI, and IGFBP3 concentrations with increasing isoflavone consumption. Although soy isoflavones do affect markers of bone turnover, the changes observed were of small magnitude and not likely to be clinically relevant. These data do not support the hypothesis that dietary isoflavones per se exert beneficial effects on bone turnover in women.
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