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Expression of Leptin Receptor in Human Endometrium and Fluctuation during the Menstrual Cycle

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Jo Kitawaki, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan. E-mail: kitawaki{at}koto.kpu-m.ac.jp

Leptin is secreted by adipocytes and regulates appetite through interaction with hypothalamic leptin receptors (OB-R). Accumulated evidence shows that leptin is involved in the stimulation of reproductive functions and that local expression of leptin and OB-R in the ovary, oocyte, embryo, and placenta plays a role in early development. To investigate the role of leptin in implantation, we examined the expression of OB-R and leptin in the human endometrium. Northern and Western blot analyses and RT-PCR showed that the long form of OB-R (OB-R_L) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein were expressed. In contrast, leptin mRNA or protein was not detected. All of the splice variants of OB-R (OB-R_T) and OB-R_L transcripts were expressed in 90% and 84% of the cases, respectively. OB-R mRNA expression peaked in the early secretory phase. Decidual tissue of early gestation also expressed OB-R_T and OB-R_L. Their incidence and abundance were comparable among endometria with benign uterine diseases and disease-free endometria and were not related to a body mass index within the normal range. The present results indicate that OB-R, but not leptin, is expressed in the human endometrium.

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