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Preeclampsia Is Associated with Low Circulating Levels of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D in Maternal and Umbilical Cord Compartments¹

Departments of Reproductive Biology (A.H., F.L.) and Physiology of Nutrition (A.R.T., N.T., H.B.), Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico D.F., Mexico; and Unité Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 1524, Endocrinologie, Métabolisme, et Développement, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul (M.G.), Paris, France

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Ali Halhali, Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Tlalpan, C.P. 14000, Mexico D.F., Mexico.

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) stimulates renal and placental 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)₂D] and is considered an important regulator of fetal growth. As 1,25-(OH)₂D and birth weight are low in preeclampsia, this study was undertaken to determine whether circulating levels of IGF-I were associated with serum 1,25-(OH)₂D concentrations in preeclamptic (PE group) and normotensive (NT group) pregnancies. Maternal and umbilical cord serum levels of IGF-I and 1,25-(OH)₂D were significantly (P < 0.01) lower in the PE group than in the NT group. The concentrations of these two hormones correlated significantly in the umbilical cord (P < 0.05) and in the maternal (P < 0.001) compartments of the PE and NT groups, respectively. The amount of IGFBP-3 was 64% lower whereas that of IGFBP-1 was 2.9-fold higher in umbilical cord serum of the PE group compared with the NT group. In addition, maternal and umbilical cord serum IGF-I correlated significantly (P < 0.05) with weight and length at birth only in the PE group. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that circulating IGF-I and 1,25-(OH)₂D levels in both maternal and umbilical cord compartments are low in preeclampsia. Furthermore, this study suggests a differential regulatory effect of IGF-I on 1,25-(OH)₂D synthesis and fetal growth depending on the presence or absence of preeclampsia.

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