This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Submit a related Letter to the Editor Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Copyright Permission Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Moore, M. C. Articles by Davis, S. N. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Moore, M. C. Articles by Davis, S. N.

Acute Fructose Administration Decreases the Glycemic Response to an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Normal Adults¹

Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (M.C.M., A.D.C., S.N.D.) and Medicine (S.L.M., S.N.D.), and the Diabetes Research and Training Center (A.D.C., S.N.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: M. C. Moore, Ph.D., 702 Light Hall, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0615. E-mail: genie.moore{at}mcmail.vanderbilt.edu

In animal models, a small (catalytic) dose of fructose administered with glucose decreases the glycemic response to the glucose load. Therefore, we examined the effect of fructose on glucose tolerance in 11 healthy human volunteers (5 men and 6 women). Each subject underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on 2 separate occasions, at least 1 week apart. Each OGTT consisted of 75 g glucose with or without 7.5 g fructose (OGTT+F or OGTT-F), in random order. Arterialized blood samples were obtained from a heated dorsal hand vein twice before ingestion of the carbohydrate and every 15 min for 2 h afterward. The area under the curve (AUC) of the change in plasma glucose was 19% less in OGTT+F vs. OGTT-F (P < 0.05). Glucose tolerance was improved by fructose in 9 subjects and worsened in 2. All 6 subjects with the largest glucose AUC during OGTT-F had a decreased response during OGTT+F (31 ± 5% decrease). The insulin AUC did not differ between the 2 studies. Of the 9 subjects with improved glucose tolerance during the OGTT+F, 5 had smaller insulin AUC during the OGTT+F than the OGTT-F. Plasma glucagon concentrations declined similarly during OGTT-F and OGTT+F. The blood lactate response was about 50% greater during the OGTT+F (P < 0.05). Neither nonesterified fatty acid nor triglyceride concentrations differed between the two OGTT. In conclusion, low dose fructose improves the glycemic response to an oral glucose load in normal adults without significantly enhancing the insulin or triglyceride response. Fructose appears most effective in those normal individuals who have the poorest glucose tolerance.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				R. J. Johnson, S. E. Perez-Pozo, Y. Y. Sautin, J. Manitius, L. G. Sanchez-Lozada, D. I. Feig, M. Shafiu, M. Segal, R. J. Glassock, M. Shimada, et al. Hypothesis: Could Excessive Fructose Intake and Uric Acid Cause Type 2 Diabetes? Endocr. Rev., February 1, 2009; 30(1): 96 - 116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Wei and M. J. Pagliassotti Hepatospecific effects of fructose on c-jun NH2-terminal kinase: implications for hepatic insulin resistance Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2004; 287(5): E926 - E933. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. J. Brocklehurst, V. A. Payne, R. A. Davies, D. Carroll, H. L. Vertigan, H. J. Wightman, S. Aiston, I. D. Waddell, B. Leighton, M. P. Coghlan, et al. Stimulation of Hepatocyte Glucose Metabolism by Novel Small Molecule Glucokinase Activators Diabetes, March 1, 2004; 53(3): 535 - 541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Wei, M. E. Bizeau, and M. J. Pagliassotti An Acute Increase in Fructose Concentration Increases Hepatic Glucose-6-Phosphatase mRNA via Mechanisms That Are Independent of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 in Rats J. Nutr., March 1, 2004; 134(3): 545 - 551. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. K Fried and S. P Rao Sugars, hypertriglyceridemia, and cardiovascular disease Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2003; 78(4): 873S - 880. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. M. Heacock, S. R. Hertzler, and B. W. Wolf Fructose Prefeeding Reduces the Glycemic Response to a High-Glycemic Index, Starchy Food in Humans J. Nutr., September 1, 2002; 132(9): 2601 - 2604. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Hawkins, I. Gabriely, R. Wozniak, C. Vilcu, H. Shamoon, and L. Rossetti Fructose Improves the Ability of Hyperglycemia Per Se to Regulate Glucose Production in Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes, March 1, 2002; 51(3): 606 - 614. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. C. Moore, S. N. Davis, S. L. Mann, and A. D. Cherrington Acute Fructose Administration Improves Oral Glucose Tolerance in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, November 1, 2001; 24(11): 1882 - 1887. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]