This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Submit a related Letter to the Editor Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints, Permissions and Rights Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Wallace, J. D. Articles by Sönksen, P. H. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Wallace, J. D. Articles by Sönksen, P. H.

Responses of Markers of Bone and Collagen Turnover to Exercise, Growth Hormone (GH) Administration, and GH Withdrawal in Trained Adult Males¹

Metabolic Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital (J.D.W., R.C.C.), 4102 Brisbane, Australia; the Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sahlgrenska Hospital (P.A.L., T.R., B.-A.B.), S-41345 Göteborg, Sweden; the Department of Endocrinology, Aarhus Community Hospital (J.O.L.J., J.S.C.), DK-8000 Aarhus C., Denmark; the Department of Endocrinology, Frederico II Hospital (S.L., L.S.), 80131 Napoli, Italy; and the Department of Endocrinology, St. Thomas’s Hospital (N.K., P.H.S.), London, United Kingdom SE1 7EH

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Jennifer D. Wallace, Metabolic Research Unit, University of Queensland, Department of Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 4102 Brisbane, Australia. E-mail: jwallace{at}medicine.pa.uq.edu.au

To examine the interactions between acute exercise and GH on markers of bone and collagen turnover and to assess the potential for detecting GH abuse in athletes using these markers, we studied 17 aerobically trained males (age, 26.9 ± 1.5 yr). Sequential studies of exercise, GH administration, and GH withdrawal were undertaken. A randomized, controlled study of rest vs. exercise showed that exercise did not change serum osteocalcin; other markers of formation increased transiently (each P < 0.001): bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (+16.1%), carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (+14.1%), and procollagen III N-terminal extension peptide (+5.0%). The carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen, a bone resorption marker, increased 9.7% (P = 0.018) in response to exercise. A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study of recombinant human GH treatment (0.15 IU/kg·day) for 1 week increased serum osteocalcin (net increase preexercise, +10.0%; P = 0.017), carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (+17.6%; P = 0.002), procollagen III N-terminal extension peptide (+48.4%; P = 0.001), and carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (53.3%; P = 0.009). Disappearance half-times after cessation of recombinant human GH for pre- and postexercise markers ranged from 248–770 h. We conclude 1) endurance exercise transiently activates bone and collagen turnover; 2) brief GH administration results in similar but quantitatively greater augmentation; and 3) these data will assist in designing a GH detection strategy.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. Bhasin, E. J. He, M. Kawakubo, E. T. Schroeder, K. Yarasheski, G. J. Opiteck, A. Reicin, F. Chen, R. Lam, J. A. Tsou, et al. N-Terminal Propeptide of Type III Procollagen as a Biomarker of Anabolic Response to Recombinant Human GH and Testosterone J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2009; 94(11): 4224 - 4233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Di Luigi, A. E Rigamonti, F. Agosti, M. Mencarelli, P. Sgro, N. Marazzi, S. G Cella, E. E Muller, and A. Sartorio Combined evaluation of resting IGF1, N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen and C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen levels might be useful for detecting inappropriate GH administration in female athletes Eur. J. Endocrinol., May 1, 2009; 160(5): 753 - 758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Bidlingmaier, J. Suhr, A. Ernst, Z. Wu, A. Keller, C. J. Strasburger, and A. Bergmann High-Sensitivity Chemiluminescence Immunoassays for Detection of Growth Hormone Doping in Sports Clin. Chem., March 1, 2009; 55(3): 445 - 453. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. T. Bennett There's Nothing to Winning, Really Clin. Chem., August 1, 2008; 54(8): 1265 - 1267. [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. V. Nguyen, A. E. Nelson, C. J. Howe, M. J. Seibel, R. C. Baxter, D. J. Handelsman, R. Kazlauskas, and K. K. Ho Within-Subject Variability and Analytic Imprecision of Insulinlike Growth Factor Axis and Collagen Markers: Implications for Clinical Diagnosis and Doping Tests Clin. Chem., August 1, 2008; 54(8): 1268 - 1276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Gibney, M.-L. Healy, and P. H. Sonksen The Growth Hormone/Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Axis in Exercise and Sport Endocr. Rev., October 1, 2007; 28(6): 603 - 624. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. T. Vestergaard, R. Dall, K. H. W. Lange, M. Kjaer, J. S. Christiansen, and J. O. L. Jorgensen The Ghrelin Response to Exercise before and after Growth Hormone Administration J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2007; 92(1): 297 - 303. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M Saugy, N Robinson, C Saudan, N Baume, L Avois, and P Mangin Human growth hormone doping in sport Br. J. Sports Med., July 1, 2006; 40(suppl_1): i35 - i39. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. L. Healy, J. Gibney, C. Pentecost, P. Croos, D. L. Russell-Jones, P. H. Sonksen, and A. M. Umpleby Effects of High-Dose Growth Hormone on Glucose and Glycerol Metabolism at Rest and during Exercise in Endurance-Trained Athletes J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2006; 91(1): 320 - 327. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. M. McHugh, R. T. Park, P. H. Sonksen, and R. I.G. Holt Challenges in Detecting the Abuse of Growth Hormone in Sport Clin. Chem., September 1, 2005; 51(9): 1587 - 1593. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L Maimoun, D Simar, D Malatesta, C Caillaud, E Peruchon, I Couret, M Rossi, and D Mariano-Goulart Response of bone metabolism related hormones to a single session of strenuous exercise in active elderly subjects Br. J. Sports Med., August 1, 2005; 39(8): 497 - 502. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-L. Healy, R. Dall, J. Gibney, E. Bassett, C. Ehrnborg, C. Pentecost, T. Rosen, A. Cittadini, R. C. Baxter, and P. H. Sonksen Toward the Development of a Test for Growth Hormone (GH) Abuse: A Study of Extreme Physiological Ranges of GH-Dependent Markers in 813 Elite Athletes in the Postcompetition Setting J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2005; 90(2): 641 - 649. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Ehrnborg, K. H. W. Lange, R. Dall, J. S. Christiansen, P.-A. Lundberg, R. C. Baxter, M. A. Boroujerdi, B.-A. Bengtsson, M.-L. Healey, C. Pentecost, et al. The Growth Hormone/Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Axis Hormones and Bone Markers in Elite Athletes in Response to a Maximum Exercise Test J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2003; 88(1): 394 - 401. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. I. G. Holt, E. Webb, C. Pentecost, and P. H. Sonksen Aging and Physical Fitness Are More Important Than Obesity in Determining Exercise-Induced Generation of GH J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2001; 86(12): 5715 - 5720. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. D. Wallace, R. C. Cuneo, M. Bidlingmaier, P. A. Lundberg, L. Carlsson, C. L. Boguszewski, J. Hay, M. Boroujerdi, A. Cittadini, R. Dall, et al. Changes in Non-22-Kilodalton (kDa) Isoforms of Growth Hormone (GH) after Administration of 22-kDa Recombinant Human GH in Trained Adult Males J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2001; 86(4): 1731 - 1737. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. D. Wallace, R. C. Cuneo, M. Bidlingmaier, P. A. Lundberg, L. Carlsson, C. L. Boguszewski, J. Hay, M.-L. Healy, R. Napoli, R. Dall, et al. The Response of Molecular Isoforms of Growth Hormone to Acute Exercise in Trained Adult Males J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2001; 86(1): 200 - 206. [Abstract] [Full Text]