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The Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) Start Codon Polymorphism in Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Parathyroid VDR Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Levels¹

Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery (P.C., J.R., G.W., E.L., G.Å., T.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine (A.K.), Uppsala University Hospital, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; and the Department of Medicine (P.S.), Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Tobias Carling, Ph.D., Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. E-mail: tobias.carling{at}kirurgi.uu.se

Vitamin D regulates parathyroid cell proliferation and secretion of PTH. Increased prevalence of the polymorphic vitamin D receptor (VDR) alleles b, a, and T has been reported in sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), suggesting that these genetic variants may predispose to the disease. Recently, another polymorphism in the VDR gene was related to bone mineral density, and this VDR-FokI polymorphism causes different lengths of the VDR, implying possible functional consequences. The VDR-FokI polymorphism was studied in 182 postmenopausal women with sporadic PHPT and in matched controls. No significant differences in distribution of the VDR-FokI genotypes could be detected between the groups, although there was a tendency toward overrepresentation of the F allele in the PHPT patients (P = 0.05). There were no significant associations with age, serum calcium, serum PTH, bone mineral density, or parathyroid tumor weight. The VDR genotypes were unrelated to VDR and PTH messenger ribonucleic acid levels in the parathyroid adenomas of 42 PHPT patients. In 23 PHPT patients, the Ca²⁺-PTH set-points were determined in vivo and were unrelated to the VDR alleles. We suggest that the VDR-FokI polymorphism has at most a minor pathogenic importance in the development of PHPT.

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