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MEN1 Gene Analysis in Sporadic Adrenocortical Neoplasms¹

Metabolic Diseases Branch (C.H., S.K.A., A.L.B., A.M.S., S.J.M.), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Abteilung Innere Medizin II (M.R., P.M.), Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; and Medizinische Klinik (B.A.), Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Christina Heppner, National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Building 10/Room 9C101, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1802. E-mail: christinah{at}bdg10.niddk.nih.gov

Adrenocortical tumors occur as sporadic tumors, as part of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome or as part of other hereditary disorders. We recently cloned the MEN1 gene, a tumor-suppressor gene located on chromosome 11q13. Subsequently, we showed that sequential somatic inactivation of both alleles of the MEN1 gene contributes to the development of some sporadic endocrine neoplasms (parathyroid, enteropancreatic neuroendocrine, bronchial carcinoid, and pituitary tumors). We now studied whether somatic inactivation of the MEN1 gene contributes to the pathogenesis of sporadic adrenocortical neoplasms. Seven adrenocortical carcinomas, 2 adrenocortical carcinoma cell lines, and 11 aldosterone-secreting, 8 cortisol-secreting, and 5 nonsecreting benign adreno-cortical tumors were studied. Seven tumors (5 of 5 carcinomas, 2 of 21 nonsecreting benign adenomas; P < 0.001) exhibited loss of heterozygosity on 11q13. All 33 tumors and cell lines were screened for mutation throughout the MEN1 open-reading frame and adjacent splice junctions. None exhibited a mutation within the MEN1-coding region. We conclude that somatic MEN1 mutation within the MEN1-coding region does not occur commonly in sporadic adrenocortical tumors, although the majority of adrenocortical carcinomas exhibit 11q13 loss of heterozygosity.

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