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Influence of Obesity and Body Fat Distribution on Postprandial Lipemia and Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins in Adult Women¹

Unité 130 INSERM (National Institute of Health and Medical Research) (N.M., M.C., C.D., C.J., D.L.), 13009 Marseille; Service de nutrition et maladies métaboliques (M.A.C., C.A-G., B.V.), Hôpital Ste Marguerite, Marseille; Service de chimie analytique (C.D., H.P., A.M.P.), Faculté de Pharmacie, Marseille; Unité Vitamines-INRA (P.B.), Clermont-Ferrand, France

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Denis Lairon, Research Director, Unité 476-INSERM, 18 Av. Mozart, 13009 Marseille, France. E-mail: lairon{at}marseille.inserm.fr

We know that upper body obesity is associated with metabolic complications, but we don’t know how regional body fat distribution influences postprandial lipemia in obese adults. Thus, this study explored the respective effects of android or gynoid types of obesity and fasting triglyceridemia on postprandial lipid metabolism and especially triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Twenty-four obese and 6 lean normotriglyceridemic women (control), age 24–57 yr, were enrolled. Among obese women with an android phenotype, 9 exhibited normal plasma triglyceride levels (mean: 1.38 mmol/L) (NTAO), and 7 displayed a frank hypertriglyceridemia (mean: 2.40 mmol/L) (HTAO). The 8 patients with a gynoid phenotype had normal triglyceride levels (mean: 1.00 mmol/L) (GO). All were given a mixed test meal providing 40 g triglycerides. Serum and incremental chylomicron triglycerides 0–7 h areas under the curve (AUCs) as well as triglyceride levels in apoB-48-containing triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRLs) or chylomicrons were significantly higher in HTAOs and NTAOs than in GOs and controls postprandially. The size of chylomicron particles was bigger in controls and GOs than in HTAOs and NTAOs postprandially. Android obese subjects showed abnormally elevated fasting apoB-48 and apoB-100 triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) levels. Most abnormalities that were found correlated to plasma levels of insulin and apoC-III. In conclusion, an abnormal postprandial lipid pattern is a trait of abdominal obesity even without fasting hypertriglyceridemia.

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