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Uncoupling Protein-2 Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Expression During Very-Low-Calorie Diet in Obese Premenopausal Women

INSERM Unit 317 (P.B., L.M., D.L., J.G., M.B., D.L.), Louis Bugnard Institute, Rangueil Hospital, Paul Sabatier University; and Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition (P.B., J.P.L.), Rangueil Hospital, Toulouse, France

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dominique Langin, INSERM U317, Institut Louis Bugnard, Bâtiment L3, CHU Rangueil, 31403 Toulouse Cedex 4, France. E-mail: langin{at}rangueil.inserm.fr

Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) is a mitochondrial protein expressed in a wide range of human tissues. By uncoupling respiration from ATP synthesis, UCP2 might be involved in the control of energy expenditure. We have investigated UCP2 gene expression in human adipose tissue. In eight subjects, we found a positive correlation (r = 0.91, P < 0.002) between subcutaneous and visceral fat depots UCP2 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels, suggesting that UCP2 mRNA level in subcutaneous adipose tissue is a good index of UCP2 gene expression in whole body adipose tissues. The effect of a 25-day very-low-calorie diet on UCP2 mRNA level and resting metabolic rate was investigated in eight obese premenopausal women. There was no difference in UCP2 mRNA levels before and during the diet. After 25 days of hypocaloric diet, a positive correlation was found between adipose tissue UCP2 mRNA level and resting metabolic rate adjusted for lean body mass (r = 0.82, P < 0.01). These results show that very-low-calorie diet, unlike short-term fasting, is not associated with an induction in UCP2 mRNA expression, and that adipose tissue UCP2 mRNA levels may be related to variations in resting energy expenditure in humans.

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