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The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 83, No. 2 379-381
Copyright © 1998 by The Endocrine Society

Special Articles

Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Adults with Growth Hormone Deficiency: Summary Statement of the Growth Hormone Research Society Workshop on Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency1

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Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: GRS Secretariat, Medical Department M, Aarhus Kommunehospital, DK- 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.




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M. Rosilio, W. F. Blum, D. J. Edwards, E. P. Shavrikova, D. Valle, S. W. J. Lamberts, E. M. Erfurth, S. M. Webb, R. J. Ross, K. Chihara, et al.
Long-Term Improvement of Quality of Life During Growth Hormone (GH) Replacement Therapy in Adults with GH Deficiency, as Measured by Questions on Life Satisfaction-Hypopituitarism (QLS-H)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2004; 89(4): 1684 - 1693.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. Colao, G. Vitale, P. Cappabianca, F. Briganti, A. Ciccarelli, M. De Rosa, S. Zarrilli, and G. Lombardi
Outcome of Cabergoline Treatment in Men with Prolactinoma: Effects of a 24-Month Treatment on Prolactin Levels, Tumor Mass, Recovery of Pituitary Function, and Semen Analysis
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2004; 89(4): 1704 - 1711.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
R. D. Murray, B. Columb, J. E. Adams, and S. M. Shalet
Low Bone Mass Is an Infrequent Feature of the Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency Syndrome in Middle-Age Adults and the Elderly
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2004; 89(3): 1124 - 1130.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
H. K. Gleeson, H. R. Gattamaneni, L. Smethurst, B. M. Brennan, and S. M. Shalet
Reassessment of Growth Hormone Status Is Required at Final Height in Children Treated with Growth Hormone Replacement after Radiation Therapy
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2004; 89(2): 662 - 666.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 CirculationHome page
P. Maison and P. Chanson
Cardiac Effects of Growth Hormone in Adults With Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Meta-Analysis
Circulation, November 25, 2003; 108(21): 2648 - 2652.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. M. Boot
Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Adolescents with Partial Growth Hormone Deficiency
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2003; 88(11): 5099 - 5100.
[Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. Tauber, B. Jouret, A. Cartault, N. Lounis, M. Gayrard, C. Marcouyeux, C. Pienkowski, I. Oliver, P. Moulin, P. Otal, et al.
Adolescents with Partial Growth Hormone (GH) Deficiency Develop Alterations of Body Composition after GH Discontinuation and Require Follow-Up
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2003; 88(11): 5101 - 5106.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
H. R. Boquete, P. G. V. Sobrado, H. L. Fideleff, A. M. Sequera, A. V. Giaccio, M. G. Suarez, G. F. Ruibal, and M. Miras
Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)-I and IGF-Binding Protein-3 in Growth Hormone-Deficient Children and Adults Using ROC Plot Analysis
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2003; 88(10): 4702 - 4708.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
W. F. Blum, E. P. Shavrikova, D. J. Edwards, M. Rosilio, M. L. Hartman, F. Marin, D. Valle, A. J. van der Lely, A. F. Attanasio, C. J. Strasburger, et al.
Decreased Quality of Life in Adult Patients with Growth Hormone Deficiency Compared with General Populations Using the New, Validated, Self-Weighted Questionnaire, Questions on Life Satisfaction Hypopituitarism Module
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2003; 88(9): 4158 - 4167.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. M. Ahmad, J. Thomas, A. Clewes, M. T. Hopkins, R. Guzder, H. Ibrahim, B. H. Durham, J. P. Vora, and W. D. Fraser
Effects of Growth Hormone Replacement on Parathyroid Hormone Sensitivity and Bone Mineral Metabolism
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2003; 88(6): 2860 - 2868.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
P. Gillberg, H. Mallmin, M. Petren-Mallmin, S. Ljunghall, and A. G. Nilsson
Two Years of Treatment with Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Increases Bone Mineral Density in Men with Idiopathic Osteoporosis
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2002; 87(11): 4900 - 4906.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 DTBHome page
Why start an adult on growth hormone?
DTB, October 1, 2002; 40(10): 75 - 78.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
R. D. Murray and S. M. Shalet
Adult Growth Hormone Replacement: Lessons Learned and Future Direction
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2002; 87(10): 4427 - 4428.
[Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
D. M. Cook, B. M. K. Biller, M. L. Vance, A. R. Hoffman, L. S. Phillips, K. M. Ford, D. P. Benziger, A. Illeperuma, S. L. Blethen, K. M. Attie, et al.
The Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Characteristics of a Long-Acting Growth Hormone (GH) Preparation (Nutropin Depot) in GH-Deficient Adults
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2002; 87(10): 4508 - 4514.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 ANN INTERN MEDHome page
D. M. Cook
Shouldn't Adults with Growth Hormone Deficiency Be Offered Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy?
Ann Intern Med, August 6, 2002; 137(3): 197 - 201.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 ANN INTERN MEDHome page
L. A. Frohman
Controversy about Treatment of Growth Hormone-Deficient Adults: A Commentary
Ann Intern Med, August 6, 2002; 137(3): 202 - 204.
[Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
C. Hoybye, A. Hilding, H. Jacobsson, and M. Thoren
Metabolic Profile and Body Composition in Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome and Severe Obesity
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2002; 87(8): 3590 - 3597.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. Colao, C. Di Somma, M. Salerno, L. Spinelli, F. Orio, and G. Lombardi
The Cardiovascular Risk of GH-Deficient Adolescents
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2002; 87(8): 3650 - 3655.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
S. Ezzat, S. Fear, R.-C. Gaillard, C. Gayle, H. Landy, S. Marcovitz, T. Mattioni, S. Nussey, A. Rees, and E. Svanberg
Gender-Specific Responses of Lean Body Composition and Non-Gender-Specific Cardiac Function Improvement after GH Replacement in GH-Deficient Adults
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2002; 87(6): 2725 - 2733.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
A. Kehely, P. C. Bates, P. Frewer, M. Birkett, W. F. Blum, P. Mamessier, S. Ezzat, K. K. Y. Ho, G. Lombardi, A. Luger, et al.
Short-Term Safety and Efficacy of Human GH Replacement Therapy in 595 Adults with GH Deficiency: A Comparison of Two Dosage Algorithms
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2002; 87(5): 1974 - 1979.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
B. M. K. Biller, M. H. Samuels, A. Zagar, D. M. Cook, B. M. Arafah, V. Bonert, S. Stavrou, D. L. Kleinberg, J. J. Chipman, and M. L. Hartman
Sensitivity and Specificity of Six Tests for the Diagnosis of Adult GH Deficiency
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2002; 87(5): 2067 - 2079.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
V. Popovic, S. Pekic, I. Golubicic, M. Doknic, C. Dieguez, and F. F. Casanueva
The Impact of Cranial Irradiation on GH Responsiveness to GHRH Plus GH-Releasing Peptide-6
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2002; 87(5): 2095 - 2099.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. E. Molitch
Diagnosis of GH Deficiency in Adults--How Good Do the Criteria Need to Be?
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2002; 87(2): 473 - 476.
[Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. L. Hartman, B. J. Crowe, B. M. K. Biller, K. K. Y. Ho, D. R. Clemmons, and J. J. Chipman
Which Patients Do Not Require a GH Stimulation Test for the Diagnosis of Adult GH Deficiency?
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2002; 87(2): 477 - 485.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
C. T. Moseley, P. E. Mullis, M. A. Prince, and J. A. Phillips III
An Exon Splice Enhancer Mutation Causes Autosomal Dominant GH Deficiency
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2002; 87(2): 847 - 852.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
P. Cohen, G. M. Bright, A. D. Rogol, A.-M. Kappelgaard, and R. G. Rosenfeld
Effects of Dose and Gender on the Growth and Growth Factor Response to GH in GH-Deficient Children: Implications for Efficacy and Safety
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2002; 87(1): 90 - 98.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
R. D. Murray, K. H. Darzy, H. K. Gleeson, and S. M. Shalet
GH-Deficient Survivors of Childhood Cancer: GH Replacement during Adult Life
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2002; 87(1): 129 - 135.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
T. Wolthers, D. M. Hoffman, A. G. Nugent, M. W Duncan, M. Umpleby, and K. K. Y. Ho
Oral estrogen antagonizes the metabolic actions of growth hormone in growth hormone-deficient women
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 2001; 281(6): E1191 - E1196.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Endocr. Rev.Home page
W. M. Drake, S. J. Howell, J. P. Monson, and S. M. Shalet
Optimizing GH Therapy in Adults and Children
Endocr. Rev., August 1, 2001; 22(4): 425 - 450.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
P. Marzullo, C. Di Somma, K. L. Pratt, J. Khosravi, A. Diamandis, G. Lombardi, A. Colao, and R. G. Rosenfeld
Usefulness of Different Biochemical Markers of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) Family in Diagnosing Growth Hormone Excess and Deficiency in Adults
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2001; 86(7): 3001 - 3008.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
S. A. Lieberman, A. L. Oberoi, C. R. Gilkison, B. E. Masel, and R. J. Urban
Prevalence of Neuroendocrine Dysfunction in Patients Recovering from Traumatic Brain Injury
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2001; 86(6): 2752 - 2756.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. Maghnie, B. Salati, S. Bianchi, M. Rallo, C. Tinelli, M. Autelli, G. Aimaretti, and E. Ghigo
Relationship between the Morphological Evaluation of the Pituitary and the Growth Hormone (GH) Response to GH-Releasing Hormone Plus Arginine in Children and Adults with Congenital Hypopituitarism
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2001; 86(4): 1574 - 1579.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
J. D. Wallace, R. C. Cuneo, M. Bidlingmaier, P. A. Lundberg, L. Carlsson, C. L. Boguszewski, J. Hay, M.-L. Healy, R. Napoli, R. Dall, et al.
The Response of Molecular Isoforms of Growth Hormone to Acute Exercise in Trained Adult Males
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2001; 86(1): 200 - 206.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
T. B. Twickler, H. W. Wilmink, P. C. N. J. Schreuder, M. C. Cabezas, P. S. van Dam, H. P. F. Koppeschaar, D. W. Erkelens, and G. M. Dallinga-Thie
Growth Hormone (GH) Treatment Decreases Postprandial Remnant-Like Particle Cholesterol Concentration and Improves Endothelial Function in Adult-Onset GH Deficiency
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2000; 85(12): 4683 - 4689.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
R. Fernholm, M. Bramnert, E. Hägg, A. Hilding, D. J. Baylink, S. Mohan, and M. Thorén
Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy Improves Body Composition and Increases Bone Metabolism in Elderly Patients with Pituitary Disease
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2000; 85(11): 4104 - 4112.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
G. Aimaretti, C. Baffoni, S. Bellone, L. Di Vito, G. Corneli, E. Arvat, L. Benso, F. Camanni, and E. Ghigo
Retesting Young Adults with Childhood-Onset Growth Hormone (GH) Deficiency with GH-Releasing-Hormone-Plus-Arginine Test
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2000; 85(10): 3693 - 3699.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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