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Interactive Effect of Estradiol and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms as a Possible Determinant of Growth in Male and Female Infants

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, URA 583-UPR 1524, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul (F.S., M.G.), 75014 Paris; and Centre des Bilans de Santé de l’Enfant, CPAM de Paris (C.R.), 75011 Paris, France

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. M. Garabédian, CNRS URA 583, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul, 82 avenue Denfert Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France.

An association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and body size has been observed in infants. We hypothesized that the estradiol receptor (ER) gene is another determinant of infant growth and that the effects of the VDR and ER genotypes may interact with each other. The ER genotype (PvuII and XbaI sites), VDR genotype (BsmI site), and body size during the first 2 yr of life were analyzed in 161 healthy Caucasian full-term babies homozygous for the BsmI polymorphism of the VDR gene (BB or bb). There was no significant association between ER polymorphism and 1) body weight in boys and girls, 2) body length in girls, or 3) body length in boys with a bb genotype. In contrast, ER polymorphism and body length were significantly associated in BB boys. Boys with the BBpp genotype were shorter at birth (P < 0.005) and at 10 months of age (P < 0.001) than boys with other genotypes. They were even shorter than girls with the same genotype. These results indicate some degree of interaction between the effects of the VDR and ER genes, leading to significant variations in body growth during infancy, especially in boys.

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