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Circulating Iodide Concentrations during and after Pregnancy¹

Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Section of Endocrinology, Hospital Clinico de la Universidad de Chile (C.S.L.), Santos Dumont 999, Santiago, Chile; and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center (S.C.P., S.L.F., L.E.B., C.H.E.), Worcester, Massachusetts 01655

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Charles H. Emerson, M.D., Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655.

Early, indirect studies suggested that an important aspect of thyroid economy during pregnancy was a decline in plasma or serum inorganic iodide (PII) concentrations, but there is little information concerning circulating iodide concentrations as assessed by direct measurement. The present study was undertaken to determine the relationship between gestation and serum iodide concentrations as assessed by direct measurement of PII. PII concentrations, urinary iodide levels, and other parameters of thyroid economy were measured during the first, second, and third trimesters and after delivery in 16 women. Mean serum T₄ concentrations were significantly higher in all 3 trimesters than those after delivery. Serum free T₄ index concentrations were significantly higher in the first trimester than during later periods of gestation or after delivery, but serum TSH concentrations were not depressed in the first trimester. Serum thyroglobulin concentrations were similar during pregnancy and after delivery. There was wide variability in PII and urinary iodide concentrations during and after pregnancy, but there was no trend for PII concentrations to be depressed during pregnancy. Pregnancy, at least in iodine-sufficient regions, does not have an important influence on circulating concentrations of iodide.

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