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The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 82, No. 6 1687-1691
Copyright © 1997 by The Endocrine Society

Reproductive Endocrinology

Leptin Concentrations in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome1

Christos S. Mantzoros2, Andrea Dunaif and Jeffrey S. Flier

Charles A. Dana Research Institute and the Harvard-Thorndike Laboratory of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School (C.S.M., J.S.F.), Boston, Massachusetts 02215; and the Department of Medicine, Section of Diabetes and Metabolism, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Jeffrey S. Flier, M.D., Division of Endocrinology, RN 325, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 99 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215. E-mail: jflier{at}bih.harvard.edu

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by menstrual disturbances, chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism and is associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Leptin, the product of the ob gene, is an adipocyte-secreted molecule that signals the magnitude of energy stores to the brain and has been recently shown to have important effects on the reproductive axis of rodents. To assess the potential contribution of leptin to the pathogenesis of PCOS, we measured leptin levels in 24 obese women with PCOS and 12 weight- and age-matched controls and determined whether alterations in hyperinsulinemia produced by administration of the insulin-sensitizing agent troglitazone had an effect on serum leptin levels. Leptin concentrations at baseline were not different in women with PCOS (38.1 ± 2.15 ng/mL) and controls (33.12 ± 2.39 ng/mL). Moreover, leptin concentrations remained unchanged after treatment with troglitazone (38.1 ± 2.15 vs. 39.21 ± 2.65 ng/mL). Baseline leptin correlated strongly with body mass index in both controls (r = 0.59; P < 0.05) and women with PCOS (r = 0.70; P = 0.0004). Leptin levels were not associated with baseline insulin, testosterone, non-sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)-bound testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, estradiol, or SHBG. Finally, despite significantly reduced insulin, non-SHBG-bound testosterone, and estradiol levels after troglitazone treatment of women with PCOS, their leptin levels remained unchanged. We conclude that circulating leptin levels in patients with PCOS do not differ from those in age- and weight-matched controls. Furthermore, increased circulating insulin due to insulin resistance does not appear to alter circulating leptin levels in women with PCOS.




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