help button home button Endocrine Society JCEM
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Submit a related Letter to the Editor
Right arrow Purchase Article
Right arrow View Shopping Cart
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Request Copyright Permission
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Andersson, B.
Right arrow Articles by Björntorp, P.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Andersson, B.
Right arrow Articles by Björntorp, P.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 82, No. 2 638-643
Copyright © 1997 by The Endocrine Society

Clinical Studies

Estrogen Replacement Therapy Decreases Hyperandrogenicity and Improves Glucose Homeostasis and Plasma Lipids in Postmenopausal Women With Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus1

Björn Andersson, Lars-Åke Mattsson, Lennart Hahn, Per Mrin, Leif Lapidus, Göran Holm, Bengt-Åke Bengtsson and Per Björntorp

Department of Internal Medicine (B.A., P.M., B.B.) and Heart and Lung Diseases (G.H., P.B.), Sahlgren’s Hospital, S-413 45 Göteborg; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (L.-A.M., L.H.), Östra Hospital, University of Göteborg, S-416 85 Göteborg, Sweden.

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Björn Andersson, Department of Medicine, Sahlgren’s Hospital, S-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden.

Hyperandrogenicity in women is closely associated with insulin resistance and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Therefore, 25 postmenopausal women with NIDDM and sex hormone-binding globulin values less than 60 nmol/L, as an indicator of a moderate hyperandrogenicity, were treated with 2 mg 17-ß-estradiol orally for 3 months in a double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled trial. During the last 16 days of active treatment, 1 mg norethisterone acetate was added for 10 days for endometrial protection.

Blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin, c-peptide, lipoprotein profile, sex steroid hormones, GH, and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) were measured, and insulin sensitivity was determined by the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp method. All metabolic measurements were taken at baseline and after 68 days of active or placebo treatment.

Estradiol treatment, compared with the placebo period, was followed by a marked increase of sex hormone-binding globulin and a decrease of free testosterone. Blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, c-peptide, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and IGF-1 decreased significantly (P < 0.01–P < 0.001), whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol rose (P < 0.001).

In conclusion, estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women with NIDDM ameliorated hyperandrogenicity, and this was accompanied by marked improvements in glucose homeostasis and lipoprotein profile.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
H. Shi, A. D. Strader, S. C. Woods, and R. J. Seeley
The effect of fat removal on glucose tolerance is depot specific in male and female mice
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, October 1, 2007; 293(4): E1012 - E1020.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
S. H. Golden, A. S. Dobs, D. Vaidya, M. Szklo, S. Gapstur, P. Kopp, K. Liu, and P. Ouyang
Endogenous Sex Hormones and Glucose Tolerance Status in Postmenopausal Women
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2007; 92(4): 1289 - 1295.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Exp PhysiolHome page
P. Ordonez, M. Moreno, A. Alonso, R. Fernandez, F. Diaz, and C. Gonzalez
Neuroendocrinology/Endocrinology: Insulin sensitivity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with different doses of 17{beta}-oestradiol or progesterone
Exp Physiol, January 1, 2007; 92(1): 241 - 249.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
S. B. Choi, J. S. Jang, and S. Park
Estrogen and Exercise May Enhance {beta}-Cell Function and Mass via Insulin Receptor Substrate 2 Induction in Ovariectomized Diabetic Rats
Endocrinology, November 1, 2005; 146(11): 4786 - 4794.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
E. Selvin, J. Coresh, S. H. Golden, L. L. Boland, F. L. Brancati, and M. W. Steffes
Glycemic Control, Atherosclerosis, and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Individuals With Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study
Diabetes Care, August 1, 2005; 28(8): 1965 - 1973.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
S. Y. Honisett, L. Stojanovska, K. Sudhir, B. A. Kingwell, T. Dawood, and P. A. Komesaroff
Hormone Therapy Impairs Endothelial Function in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with Rosiglitazone
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2004; 89(9): 4615 - 4619.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
E. Nikander, A. Tiitinen, K. Laitinen, M. Tikkanen, and O. Ylikorkala
Effects of Isolated Isoflavonoids on Lipids, Lipoproteins, Insulin Sensitivity, and Ghrelin in Postmenopausal Women
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2004; 89(7): 3567 - 3572.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
K. M. Newton, A. Z. LaCroix, S. R. Heckbert, L. Abraham, D. McCulloch, and W. Barlow
Estrogen Therapy and Risk of Cardiovascular Events Among Women With Type 2 Diabetes
Diabetes Care, October 1, 2003; 26(10): 2810 - 2816.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANGIOLOGYHome page
N.D. Stojanovic, P. Kwong, D.J. Byrne, A. Arnold, I.A. Jagroop, D. Nair, M. Press, S. Hurel, D.P. Mikhailidis, and G.M. Prelevic
The Effects of Transdermal Estradiol Alone or with Cyclical Dydrogesterone on Markers of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study
Angiology, July 1, 2003; 54(4): 391 - 399.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
G. M. Kalish, E. Barrett-Connor, G. A. Laughlin, and B. I. Gulanski
Association of Endogenous Sex Hormones and Insulin Resistance among Postmenopausal Women: Results from the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Intervention Trial
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2003; 88(4): 1646 - 1652.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
M. Okada, S. Nomura, Y. Ikoma, E. Yamamoto, T. Ito, T. Mitsui, K. Tamakoshi, and S. Mizutani
Effects of Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy on HbA1c Levels
Diabetes Care, April 1, 2003; 26(4): 1088 - 1092.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BMJHome page
E Lokkegaard, A T Pedersen, B L Heitmann, Z Jovanovic, N Keiding, Y A Hundrup, E B Obel, and B Ottesen
Relation between hormone replacement therapy and ischaemic heart disease in women: prospective observational study
BMJ, February 22, 2003; 326(7386): 426 - 426.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN INTERN MEDHome page
A. M. Kanaya, D. Herrington, E. Vittinghoff, F. Lin, D. Grady, V. Bittner, J. A. Cauley, and E. Barrett-Connor
Glycemic Effects of Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy: The Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Ann Intern Med, January 7, 2003; 138(1): 1 - 9.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
F. Cucinelli, L. Soranna, D. Romualdi, G. Muzj, S. Mancuso, and A. Lanzone
The Effect of Raloxifene on Glyco-Insulinemic Homeostasis in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2002; 87(9): 4186 - 4192.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Obstet GynecolHome page
E. Krug and S. L. Berga
Postmenopausal Hyperthecosis: Functional Dysregulation of Androgenesis in Climacteric Ovary
Obstet. Gynecol., May 1, 2002; 99(5): 893 - 897.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Hum ReprodHome page
M. Perera, J.R. Petrie, C. Hillier, M. Small, N. Sattar, J.M.C. Connell, and M.A. Lumsden
Hormone replacement therapy can augment vascular relaxation in post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes
Hum. Reprod., February 1, 2002; 17(2): 497 - 502.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
B. Andersson, G. Johannsson, G. Holm, B.-A. Bengtsson, A. Sashegyi, I. Pavo, T. Mason, and P. W. Anderson
Raloxifene Does Not Affect Insulin Sensitivity or Glycemic Control in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2002; 87(1): 122 - 128.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
A. S. Ryan, B. J. Nicklas, and D. M. Berman
Hormone Replacement Therapy, Insulin Sensitivity, and Abdominal Obesity in Postmenopausal Women
Diabetes Care, January 1, 2002; 25(1): 127 - 133.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
A. Ferrara, A. J. Karter, and J. V. Selby
Hormone Replacement Therapy and Glycemic Control: Evidence from Observational Studies and Randomized Clinical Trials: Response to Dr. Aquilar-Salinas et al.
Diabetes Care, January 1, 2002; 25(1): 246 - 247.
[Full Text]

Home page
 Am J EpidemiolHome page
Y. Liu, J. Ding, T. L. Bush, J. C. Longenecker, F. J. Nieto, S. H. Golden, and M. Szklo
Relative Androgen Excess and Increased Cardiovascular Risk after Menopause: A Hypothesized Relation
Am. J. Epidemiol., September 15, 2001; 154(6): 489 - 494.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Intern MedHome page
P. J. Manning, A. Allum, S. Jones, W. H. F. Sutherland, and S. M. Williams
The Effect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Arch Intern Med, July 23, 2001; 161(14): 1772 - 1776.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
A. Ferrara, A. J. Karter, L. M. Ackerson, J. Y. Liu, and J. V. Selby
Hormone Replacement Therapy Is Associated With Better Glycemic Control in Women With Type 2 Diabetes: The Northern California Kaiser Permanente Diabetes Registry
Diabetes Care, July 1, 2001; 24(7): 1144 - 1150.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
E. M. Evans, R. E. Van Pelt, E. F. Binder, D. B. Williams, A. A. Ehsani, and W. M. Kohrt
Effects of HRT and exercise training on insulin action, glucose tolerance, and body composition in older women
J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2001; 90(6): 2033 - 2040.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
L. Westberg, F. Baghaei, R. Rosmond, M. Hellstrand, M. Landen, M. Jansson, G. Holm, P. Bjorntorp, and E. Eriksson
Polymorphisms of the Androgen Receptor Gene and the Estrogen Receptor {beta} Gene Are Associated with Androgen Levels in Women
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2001; 86(6): 2562 - 2568.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. Perera, N. Sattar, J. R. Petrie, C. Hillier, M. Small, J. M. C. Connell, G. D. O. Lowe, and M.-A. Lumsden
The Effects of Transdermal Estradiol in Combination with Oral Norethisterone on Lipoproteins, Coagulation, and Endothelial Markers in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2001; 86(3): 1140 - 1143.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
M. G. Latour, M. Shinoda, and J.-M. Lavoie
Metabolic effects of physical training in ovariectomized and hyperestrogenic rats
J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2001; 90(1): 235 - 241.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
K. E. Friday, C. Dong, and R. U. Fontenot
Conjugated Equine Estrogen Improves Glycemic Control and Blood Lipoproteins in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2001; 86(1): 48 - 52.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
S. Vehkavaara, J. Westerbacka, T. Hakala-Ala-Pietilä, A. Virkamäki, O. Hovatta, and H. Yki-Järvinen
Effect of Estrogen Replacement Therapy on Insulin Sensitivity of Glucose Metabolism and Preresistance and Resistance Vessel Function in Healthy Postmenopausal Women
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2000; 85(12): 4663 - 4670.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Obstet GynecolHome page
R. J. TROISI, C. C. COWIE, and M. I. HARRIS
Hormone Replacement Therapy and Glucose Metabolism
Obstet. Gynecol., November 1, 2000; 96(5): 665 - 670.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
B. A. Walsh, B. L. Busch, A. E. Mullick, K. M. Reiser, and J. C. Rutledge
17ß-Estradiol Reduces Glycoxidative Damage in the Artery Wall
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., April 1, 1999; 19(4): 840 - 846.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Physiol. Rev.Home page
E. E. Muller, V. Locatelli, and D. Cocchi
Neuroendocrine Control of Growth Hormone Secretion
Physiol Rev, April 1, 1999; 79(2): 511 - 607.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Endocrinology Endocrine Reviews J. Clin. End. & Metab.
Molecular Endocrinology Recent Prog. Horm. Res. All Endocrine Journals
Copyright © 1997 by The Endocrine Society