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The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 82, No. 12 4144-4148
Copyright © 1997 by The Endocrine Society

Original Studies

Expression of Functional Leptin Receptors in the Human Ovary1

Cecilia Karlsson, Kajsa Lindell, Eva Svensson, Christina Bergh, Peter Lind, Håkan Billig, Lena M. S. Carlsson and Björn Carlsson

Research Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine (C.K., K.L., L.M.S.C., B.C.) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.S., C.B., H.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital; and the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (E.S., H.B.), Goteborg University, Goteborg; and the Department of Molecular Biology, Pharmacia and Upjohn (P.L.), Stockholm, Sweden

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Björn Carlsson, Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gröna Stråket 8, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, S-413 45 Goteborg, Sweden. E-mail: bjorn.carlsson{at}ss.gu.se

The size of body fat stores is known to influence fertility, indicating a link between adipose tissue and the reproductive system. Studies in mice have identified the adipocyte-derived hormone, leptin (Ob protein), as a possible mediator of this effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility that leptin may have direct effects on the human ovary. To probe this hypothesis we first analyzed the expression of leptin receptors in the human ovary. Transcripts encoding both the long and short isoforms of the leptin receptor were present in human granulosa cells and thecal cells; however, the short isoforms were expressed at much higher levels. Immunoreactive leptin was present in follicular fluid at levels similar to those found in serum. ob gene expression, however, was undetectable in the ovary, as determined by reverse transcription-PCR, whereas it was easily detected in adipose tissue. To determine whether leptin could induce a biological response in ovarian cells, we examined the effect of leptin on estradiol production in cultured granulosa cells. Leptin (100 ng/mL) inhibited LH (0.1 ng/mL)-stimulated estradiol production. In contrast, leptin had no effect on estradiol production in the absence of LH.

In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that the leptin receptor is expressed in the human ovary, that leptin is present in follicular fluid, and that leptin can induce a biological response in ovarian cells. These results suggest that leptin may have a direct effect on the human ovary.




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