Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vol 81, 3341-3345, Copyright © 1996 by Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

Serum inhibin B levels reflect Sertoli cell function in normal men and men with testicular dysfunction

BD Anawalt, RA Bebb, AM Matsumoto, NP Groome, PJ Illingworth, AS McNeilly and WJ Bremner
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

We used a recently developed ELISA format to test the hypothesis that inhibin B is the physiologically active form of inhibin in men. We measured and compared inhibin A, inhibin B, and pro-alpha-C-related immunoreactive peptides (pro-alpha-C-RI) in normal men before and after perturbations of their gonadotropin levels and baseline values in normal men and men with various disturbances of the hypothalamic- pituitary-testicular axis including men with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, infertile men with elevated FSH, men with Klinefelter's syndrome, and orchidectomized men. Mean serum inhibin concentrations were significantly higher in normal men than untreated men with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, infertile men with elevated FSH, untreated men with Klinefelter's syndrome, and orchidectomized men (187 +/- 28 vs 45 +/- 11, 37 +/- 6, 11 +/- 3, and < or = 10 pg/mL, respectively; P < 0.05). Inhibin B levels were below the limit of detection in all of the orchidectomized men. Pro-alpha-C-RI levels were detectable in all men studied including the orchidectomized men, and no significant differences in the pro-alpha-C-RI levels were noted between the normal men and men with various testicular diseases were noted except that orchidectomized men had significantly lower pro- alpha-C-RI levels than all other groups (P < 0.05). Inhibin A was undetectable in all men tested in this study. Six normal men who were administered exogenous levonorgestrel and testosterone had significantly lower serum gonadotropin, inhibin B, and pro-alpha-C-RI levels during the treatment period than the control and recovery periods (P < 0.05). Ten normal men who were administered human recombinant FSH had significantly higher peak serum FSH (21.85 +/- 3.23 IU/L vs. 3.01 +/- 0.51 IU/L), inhibin B (311 +/- 88 pg/mL vs. 151 +/- 23 pg/mL) and pro-alpha-C-RI (646 +/- 69 vs. 402 +/- 38 pg/mL) levels during the treatment period than the baseline values (P < 0.05). We conclude that inhibin B is a unique testicular product that is not detectable in the sera of orchidectomized men, is responsive to FSH stimulation, and has a reciprocal relationship with serum FSH levels in men with various forms of testicular disease. Therefore, inhibin B is likely to be the physiologically important form of inhibin in men.

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				G. Forti and C. Krausz Evaluation and Treatment of the Infertile Couple J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 1998; 83(12): 4177 - 4188. [Full Text]

				A.-M. Andersson, J. Müller, and N. E. Skakkebæk Different Roles of Prepubertal and Postpubertal Germ Cells and Sertoli Cells in the Regulation of Serum Inhibin B Levels J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 1998; 83(12): 4451 - 4458. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				F. H. Pierik, J. T. M. Vreeburg, T. Stijnen, F. H. de Jong, and R. F. A. Weber Serum Inhibin B as a Marker of Spermatogenesis J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 1998; 83(9): 3110 - 3114. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				W. Byrd, M. J. Bennett, B. R. Carr, Y. Dong, F. Wians, and W. Rainey Regulation of Biologically Active Dimeric Inhibin A and B From Infancy to Adulthood in the Male J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 1998; 83(8): 2849 - 2854. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. Ramaswamy, C. R. Pohl, A. S. McNeilly, S. J. Winters, and T. M. Plant The Time Course of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Suppression by Recombinant Human Inhibin A in the Adult Male Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta) Endocrinology, August 1, 1998; 139(8): 3409 - 3415. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. M. Smyth and W. J. Bremner Klinefelter Syndrome Arch Intern Med, June 22, 1998; 158(12): 1309 - 1314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Phillip, J. E. Arbelle, Y. Segev, and R. Parvari Male Hypogonadism Due to a Mutation in the Gene for the {beta}-Subunit of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone N. Engl. J. Med., June 11, 1998; 338(24): 1729 - 1732. [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. J. Hayes, J. E. Hall, P. A. Boepple, and W. F. Crowley Jr. Differential Control of Gonadotropin Secretion in the Human: Endocrine Role of Inhibin J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 1998; 83(6): 1835 - 1841. [Full Text]

				S. L. Fitzpatrick, D. M. Sindoni, P. J. Shughrue, M. V. Lane, I. J. Merchenthaler, and D. E. Frail Expression of Growth Differentiation Factor-9 Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in Ovarian and Nonovarian Rodent and Human Tissues Endocrinology, May 1, 1998; 139(5): 2571 - 2578. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Zhengwei, N. G. Wreford, P. Royce, D. M. de Kretser, and R. I. McLachlan Stereological Evaluation of Human Spermatogenesis after Suppression by Testosterone Treatment: Heterogeneous Pattern of Spermatogenic Impairment J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 1998; 83(4): 1284 - 1291. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				C. Wang, N. G. Berman, J. D. Veldhuis, T. Der, V. McDonald, B. Steiner, and R. S. Swerdloff Graded Testosterone Infusions Distinguish Gonadotropin Negative-Feedback Responsiveness in Asian and White Men--A Clinical Research Center Study J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 1998; 83(3): 870 - 876. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. L. Mellor, M. G. Richards, J. S. Pedersen, D. M. Robertson, and G. P. Risbridger Loss of the Expression and Localization of Inhibin {alpha}-Subunit in High Grade Prostate Cancer J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 1998; 83(3): 969 - 975. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A.-M. Andersson, J. Toppari, A.-M. Haavisto, J. H. Petersen, T. Simell, O. Simell, and N. E. Skakkebæk Longitudinal Reproductive Hormone Profiles in Infants: Peak of Inhibin B Levels in Infant Boys Exceeds Levels in Adult Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 1998; 83(2): 675 - 681. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A.-M. Andersson, A. Juul, J. H. Petersen, J. Muller, N. P. Groome, and N. E. Skakkebak Serum Inhibin B in Healthy Pubertal and Adolescent Boys: Relation to Age, Stage of Puberty, and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, Testosterone, and Estradiol Levels J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 1997; 82(12): 3976 - 3981. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. K. Jensen, A.-M. Andersson, N. H. I. Hjollund, T. Scheike, H. Kolstad, A. Giwercman, T. B. Henriksen, E. Ernst, J. P. Bonde, J. Olsen, et al. Inhibin B as a Serum Marker of Spermatogenesis: Correlation to Differences in Sperm Concentration and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Levels. A Study of 349 Danish Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 1997; 82(12): 4059 - 4063. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. M. Wallace, N. P. Groome, S. C. Riley, A. C. Parker, and F. C. W. Wu Effects of Chemotherapy-Induced Testicular Damage on Inhibin, Gonadotropin, and Testosterone Secretion: A Prospective Longitudinal Study J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 1997; 82(9): 3111 - 3115. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. M. Plant, V. Padmanabhan, S. Ramaswamy, D. S. McConnell, S. J. Winters, N. Groome, A. R. Midgley Jr., and A. S. McNeilly Circulating Concentrations of Dimeric Inhibin A and B in the Male Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 1997; 82(8): 2617 - 2621. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. K. Welt, K. A. Martin, A. E. Taylor, G. M. Lambert-Messerlian, W. F. Crowley Jr., J. A. Smith, D. A. Schoenfeld, and J. E. Hall Frequency Modulation of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) during the Luteal-Follicular Transition: Evidence for FSH Control of Inhibin B in Normal Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 1997; 82(8): 2645 - 2652. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. R. Mann, M. A. Akinbami, K. Wallen, K. G. Gould, N. P. Groome, I. Swanston, A. S. McNeilly, and H. M. Fraser Inhibin-B in the Male Rhesus Monkey: Impact of Neonatal Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonist Treatment and Sexual Development J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 1997; 82(6): 1928 - 1933. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Pigny, R. Desailloud, C. Cortet-Rudelli, A. Duhamel, D. Deroubaix-Allard, A. Racadot, and D. Dewailly Serum {alpha}-Inhibin Levels in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Relationship to the Serum Androstenedione Level J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 1997; 82(6): 1939 - 1943. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. G. Burger and D. M. Robertson Editorial: Inhibin in the Male--Progress at Last Endocrinology, April 1, 1997; 138(4): 1361 - 1362. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. S. Majumdar, S. J. Winters, and T. M. Plant A Study of the Relative Roles of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone in the Regulation of Testicular Inhibin Secretion in the Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta) Endocrinology, April 1, 1997; 138(4): 1363 - 1373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]